Elastic solutions applicable to single underground openings usually suffer from geometry related simplification. Most tunnel shapes possess two axes of symmetry while a wide range of geometries used in tunneling practice involve only one symmetry axis. D-shape or horse-shoe shape tunnels and others with arched roof and floor are examples of the later category (one symmetry axis). In the present...

The present paper is devoted to the development of a kind of spectral meshless radial point interpolation (SMRPI) technique in order to obtain a reliable approximate solution for buckling of nano-actuators subject to different nonlinear forces. To end this aim, a general type of the governing equation for nano-actuators, containing integro-differential terms and nonlinear forces is considered. ...

Image zooming is one of the current issues of image processing where maintaining the quality and structure of the zoomed image is important. To zoom an image, it is necessary that the extra pixels be placed in the data of the image. Adding the data to the image must be consistent with the texture in the image and not to create artificial blocks. In this study, the required pixels are estimated ...

One primary problem in shape optimization of structures is making a robust link between design model (geometric description) and analysis model. This paper investigates the potential of Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) for solving this problem. The generic framework of shape optimization of structures is presented based on Isogeometric analysis. By discretization of domain via NURBS functions, the a...

We propose a novel shape descriptor for matching and recognizing 2D object silhouettes. The contour of each object is represented by a fixed number of sample points. For each sample point, a height function is defined based on the distances of the other sample points to its tangent line. One compact and robust shape descriptor is obtained by smoothing the height functions. The proposed descript...

a total of 260709 monthly test day milk records of 30903 first lactation holstein cows was used to determine the best function to describe the lactation curve. the records were obtained from first lactation holstein of 216 herds from 1988 to 2006 in khorasan province. the functions used in current study were wood’s incomplete gamma function, ali and schaeffer function, and legendre function of ...

Functions that optimize Laplacian-based energies have become popular in geometry processing, e.g. for shape deformation, smoothing, multiscale kernel construction and interpolation. Minimizers of Dirichlet energies, or solutions of Laplace equations, are harmonic functions that enjoy the maximum principle, ensuring no spurious local extrema in the interior of the solved domain occur. However, t...

During the 1970s, Wachspress developed shape functions for convex n-gons as polynomials of n!2 degree divided by the one of n!3. Originated from projective geometry these interpolants are linear on the sides and can exactly reproduce arbitrary linear fields. Here an alternative derivation is presented. The wide availability of computer algebra programs makes these high accuracy elements accessi...

It is argued that the dominant subleading shape-function contributions to the endpoint region of the charged-lepton energy spectrum in B → Xu l ν decays can be related in a model-independent way to an integral over the B → Xsγ photon spectrum. The square root of the fraction of B → Xu l ν events with chargedlepton energy above E0 = 2.2GeV can be calculated with a residual theoretical uncertaint...

This paper presents a direct method for finding corresponding pairs of parts between two shapes. Statistical knowledge about a large number of parts from many different objects is used to find a part correspondence between two previously unseen input shapes. No class membership information is required. The knowledge-based approach is shown to produce significantly better results than a classica...