OBJECTIVE Many studies have been conducted in order to evaluate the genotoxicity of chemicals and waste materials, which utilized in vivo test protocols. The use of animals for routine toxicity testing is now questioned by a growing segment of society. METHODS Keeping the above fact in mind, we have conducted in the present study the genotoxicity evaluation of oily sludge samples generated fr...

Safe disposal of municipal sewage sludge is a challenging global environmental concern. The aim of this study was to assess the response of soil microbial functional diversity to the accumulation of municipal sewage sludge during landfill storage. Soil samples of a municipal sewage sludge (SS) and from a sewage sludge landfill that was 3 m from a SS landfill (SS3) were analyzed relative to an u...

Environmental pollution has become a world wide concern. One of the main sources of such pollution is sewage wastewater and sludge. Their utilization without proper treatment can pollute the ecosystem (plant, soil, surface and ground water). Sewage wastewater and sludge contains several pollutants such as: pathogens, toxic organic compounds, heavy metals, high level of BOD & COD, seed weed. The...

Background Aerobic granular sludge has become an attractive alternative to the conventional activated sludge due to its high settling velocity, compact structure, and higher tolerance to toxic substances and adverse conditions. Aerobic granular sludge process has been studied intensively in the treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater. However, information on leachate treatment using ae...

Ž .Linear alkylbenzene sulphonates LAS are a group of anionic surfactants, characterised by having both ahydrophobic and a hydrophilic group. LAS is one of the major ingredients of synthetic detergents and surfactants andis used world-wide for both domestic and industrial applications. LAS is relatively rapidly aerobically degraded, butonly very slowly or not at all degraded und...

Principles of aerobic and anaerobic treatment of organic wastes were developed in the previous papers of this symposium. The application of these principles to engineering design is discussed in this paper. Although the discussion is restricted to the aerobic treatments, the concepts are equally applicable to anaerobic treatments. Laboratory or pilot plant studies are employed to develop engine...

Gas-chromatographic analysis of the volatile compounds in the headspace of cultures inoculated with sewage sludge indicated phosphine production over a period of several days, a reaction which is clearly microbiologically mediated. The amounts of phosphine recovered from 40-mL specimens sewage sludge enrichment were in a pg-range of 5 to 100 in the presence of glucose as carbon source and phosp...

This work addresses the issue of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni and Cr accumulation in wildgrown plants in the context of their possible use for the sanitation of sludge and waste substrates. The highest contents of heavy metals were noted in Lactuca serriola, Chenopodium album, Artemisia vulgaris and Atriplex nitens. Assuming maximum crop production which is to be obtained from sludge and waste substrates...

After the collapse on 25 Apr. 1998 of the Aznalcóllar mine tailings dike in southwestern Spain, 45 km of the Guadiamar valley were covered by a pyritic sludge containing up to 2% sphalerite (ZnS). Later, the sludge was mechanically removed and calcium carbonate was plowed into the soil to immobilize heavy metals. By June 2001 more than 60% of the sulfides in the residual sludge had oxidized and...