In this review, a comprehensive overview of advances in the supramolecular complexes of carbohydrates and poorly soluble drugs is presented. Through the complexation process, poorly soluble drugs could be efficiently delivered to their desired destinations. Carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules, have diverse physicochemical properties owing to their inherent three-dimensional structures...

The objective of this study was to identify environmental factors that influence conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-C18:1 fatty acid production by mixed ruminal bacteria. Ruminal contents were collected from a 600-kg ruminally fistulated Hereford steer maintained on pasture. Mixed ruminal bacteria were obtained by differential centrifugation under anaerobic conditions and added to a basal...

This study examined the utilization of potato processing wastewater as the feedstock by two oleaginous fungi, Aspergillus flavus I16-3 and Mucor rouxii, for lipid and gamma linolenic acid production. The high strength wastewater contained soluble carbohydrates of 36.2 g/l, soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 40 g/l, total soluble nitrogen of 0.62 g/l, and soluble total phosphorus of 0.24 g/...

The increase of environmental pollutants especially heavy metals derives from human industrial communities. Zinc is one of the natural elements that exist in biotic environment, plants body, and animals in different forms. Zinc has toxic and lethal effects in high concentrations on plants. Also some plants are introduced as accumulators of this element. Therefore, an investigation was carried o...

BACKGROUND Corn stover is lignocellulosic biomass that has potential to be used as raw material for bioethanol production. In the current research, dilute ammonia pretreatment was used to improve the accessibility of corn stover carbohydrates to subsequently added hydrolytic enzymes. Some carbohydrates, however, were still present after enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Hence, this researc...

low temperature is one of main factors limiting distribution of woody plants. in order to evaluate the resistance of 4-years old seedlings and adult trees of maclura pomifera to freezing stress, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design with three replications in the faculty of agriculture, university of tehran. during 2012-2013 sampling were done from the ann...