The international legal order, although pluralist in structure, is in the process of being constitutionalized. This article supports this claim in several different ways. In the Part L I argue that most accepted understandings of "constitution" would readily apply to at least some international regimes. In Part II, I discuss different notions of "constitutional pluralism," and demonstrate that ...

The purpose of this paper is to ensure the maintenance and Repair system’s functioning in Burundi using redundancy methods, which include organization warehouse stocks repair kits (units, kits) formed on basis received results from studies damageability structural elements buses Burundi. This approach will simultaneously that all requests are met when first needed, reduce vehicle downtime while...

This paper deals with the problem of spare part returns and its impact on the degradation of a production unit. The main motivation in this context is how to reuse a recovered spare part and at what level (quality) the remanufacturing action should be performed. The manufacturing under study consists of one failing and repairable machine. Our objective is to determine the decision thresholds ds...

In this paper we consider a k-out-of-N system with identical, repairable components under a condition-based maintenance policy. Maintenance consists of replacing all failed and/or aged components. Next, the replaced components have to be repaired. The system availability can be controlled by the maintenance policy, the spare part inventory level, the repair capacity and repair job priority sett...

The paper aims at proposing a criterion to optimize the initial level of spare parts inventory for a ship. Adequate stockholding of critical spare parts becomes essential in naval industry characterized by heavy utilization of equipment and machinery and by really specific operating conditions. Generic approaches are inadequate and specific ones result in analysis too shallow. An application fo...

In error prone environments not all the picture data can be received correctly during video transmission. Error propagation introduced by employing predictive coding may degrade the sequence quality severely. A novel method, called spare pictures, is proposed to indicate the similarity between a reference picture and other pictures. With the help of the signaled spare pictures information, rece...

In this paper, it is argued that a well-built, social network system has enabled the Mafia to reach a certain level of success through three main networks: members, local people, and politicians. I assert that the role of the executive power of the state has been partially supportive in this success. Moreover, this paper also concludes that to combat different Mafia groups, it is essential to k...