The effect of server posture (standing vs. squatting) on the size of tip left by restaurant customers was examined in two naturalistic experiments. In these studies, squatting down next to the tables increased servers' tips from those tables. Both the practical implications of this effect and its similarity to other nonverbal effects on tipping are discussed.

PURPOSE Clonidine and brimonidine, two alpha-2 agonists, have been shown to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma. Little is known, however, about the exact role of alpha receptors in the control of ocular blood flow in the posterior pole of the eye. Hence, the study was conducted to investigate the effects of topical clonidine versus topical brimonidine on choroidal blood...

Remodelling of bone occurs in response to physical stress. Habitual squatting is associated with modifications of the neck of the talus (squatting facets) and its trochlear/malleolar surfaces (trochlear extensions), and individual populations exhibit different incidences of these modifications that reflect their lifestyle. The occurrence of talar modifications was therefore investigated in a po...

A 14-year-old girl was admitted with generalized tonic-clonic convulsions for 2min along with tongue biting. Her family reported previous recurrent attacks of muscle cramps and carpo-pedal spasms of four months’ duration prior to admission but they had never previously sought medical help. The patient had a good appetite and no diarrhea, with no prior history of cardiovascular disease or sympto...

OBJECTIVES To examine the dose-response relationship between cumulative exposure to kneeling and squatting as well as to lifting and carrying of loads and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a population-based case-control study. METHODS In five orthopedic clinics and five practices we recruited 295 male patients aged 25 to 70 with radiographically confirmed knee osteoarthritis associated...

On voiding cystourethrography ( VCU ) not a few patients embarrass the examiner as they can not void on an X-ray table from shame. To allow the patient to void without such embarrassment, we developed a new type of urinary pot named the " VCU pot", which is a gourd -shaped pot made of a vinyl chloride plate. VCU pot is put between the patient's thighs and suspended with a pair of strings from t...

Underground coal miners who work in low-seam mines frequently handle materials in kneeling or squatting postures. To assess quadriceps and hamstring muscle demands in these postures, nine participants performed lateral load transfers in kneeling and squatting postures, during which electromyographic (EMG) data were collected. EMG activity was obtained at five points throughout the transfer for ...

Although its scale and social implications depend on the specific country or local situations, squatting is a global urban rural phenomenon associated with such humanitarian issues as justice, poverty environmental impact, well economic issues, rent seeking by certain groups. It can be sporadic massive. The state appears to deal former implementing legal rules latter policies. With regard gains...