Reservoir parks are the main place of storage petroleum products. There has been a tendency transition to use larger tanks in recent years, which is economically justified. However, it leads fire risk increase accumulate large quantities Tank one most dangerous emergency event, can lead not only significant material damage but also ecological human losses case spreading other tanks. To ensure s...

objective: in this paper, finite element model of the l4 vertebra subjected to combination of compression and flexion loading in isotropic and anisotropic cases is investigated. methods: in both cases, the vertebra is considered homogeneous. also, the body of vertebra is divided to cancellous and cortical sections in anisotropic model, but the process is assumed isotropic such as isotropic mode...

Detecting sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) offers a new approach for remote sensing photosynthesis. However, to analyse the response characteristics of SIF under different stress states, a long-term time-series comparative observation of vegetation under different stress states must be carried out at the canopy scale, such that the similarities and differences in SIF change law can be...

Considering the fact that rocks fail faster under tensile stress, rock tensile strength is of greatimportance in applications such as blasting, rock fragmentation, slope stability, hydraulic fracturing,caprock integrity, and geothermal energy extraction. There are two direct and indirect methods tomeasure tensile strength. Since direct methods always encompass difficulties in test setup, indire...

Study about Fracture Mechanics and the root cause of fracture in order to estimates lifetime for Mechanical parts in designing process and manufacturing have tremendous role in this realm. Stress intensity factor comes into design which not only is dependent to geometry also extremely to load condition; for instance, it is important in failure processes (brittle and ductile Materials) or to pre...

In this paper, the plates made of functionally graded material (FGM) with and without a crack are numerically simulated, employing the finite element method (FEM). The material property variations are defined to be fully continuous; therefore, the elements can be as small as required. For this purpose, variations of the material properties are applied in both the integration points and in the n...

Fatigue life tests and fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) in the air water environment were conducted on X80 pipeline steel welded joints (welded by CO2 arc welding). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) backscatter diffraction (EBSD) utilized to investigate internal influential mechanisms of during initiation propagation stages, respectively. Results show that a great many oxide particles induced ...

In this study, we use the mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity theory to evaluate both crack tip dislocation density behaviour and coupled effect of material plastic properties intrinsic length on non-linear amplitude factors. The two planar classical stress–strain states are examined, namely, plane stress, under pure mode I II loading conditions. constitutive relations based Taylor’s mod...