Honeybee, Apis mellifera, is one of the most important pollinators in the world. Since pesticides have been used widely, honeybees are unavoidable at risk exposing to various contaminated sources of residual pesticides while they are engaging foraging activities in collecting nectar and pollens. The effects of various levels of sub-lethal dosages of insecticides on the biology, development and ...

Pesticides have an innate capacity to cause damage to biological system. Considering above fact the present study deals with the effect of the insecticide malathion on histological and biochemical study on cardiac muscle tissue in Channa punctatus. In present study effect of sub lethal concentration (0.8 ppm) of malathion on protein, lipid and glycogen content and histopathological changes in h...

An organochloride, thiamothoxam is used commercially for controlling the agricultural pest. In the present study it was observed that at sub-lethal concentration (29.483 ppm) the GDH activity in the liver, kidney, gill and muscle of Ophiocephalus punctatus increased non-significantly from 24hrs to 96hrs of exposure. The maximum activity in all these organs was at 96 hrs. It has been concluded t...

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen in both hospital and community settings, causing infections ranging from mild skin and wound infections to life-threatening systemic illness. Gene expression changes due to the stringent response have been studied in S. aureus using lethal concentrations of mupirocin, but no studies have investigated the effects of sub-lethal concentrations. S. aureus 8...

Climate change and water extraction may result in increased exposition of the biota to ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB) in high-altitude Andean lakes. Although exposition to lethal doses in these lakes is unlikely, sub-lethal UVB doses may have strong impacts in key compartments such as zooplankton. Here, we aimed at determining the effect of sub-lethal UVB doses on filtration rates of two cladoce...

the pollution of aquatic ecosystems may affect natural reproduction of fish populations by decreasing the fertilization efficiency. among the various sources of pollution, heavy metals are important group, being found in both freshwater and marine environment. the present study investigated changes of sperm characteristics of caspimyzon wagneri when exposed to manganese (mn). spermatozoids were...

chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide, is widely used to control pests in agriculture farms and orchards of fruit trees. in this study, the fish were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos which were determined based on numerical value of 96 h lc 50 . blood was sampled after 10, 20 and 30 days and biochemical parameters including glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, tri...

Six pregnant cows received, by injection into the rumen, 0.20 to 0.30 g urea/kg body-weight at 104 to 148 days of pregnancy, 0.35 g/kg at 124 to 169 days of pregnancy, 0.35 g/kg at 208 to 226 days of pregnancy and 0.30 g/kg at 256 to 273 days of pregnancy. The change in blood ammonia concentration was followed for approximately seven hours after dosing. Five cows survived until calving and gave...

The freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio, exposed to acute exposure period (Lethal concentration for 96 hours = 4.369 ppm) and 1⁄2 and 1/4 th sub lethal concentrations (2.185 and 1.092 ppm) of chemathoate for 30 days. The protein content various tissues of fish was observed after exposure period. Acute exposure caused a significant decrease the protein content in testis, ovary and brain and insigni...