OBJECTIVE Describe the influenza A(H1N1) pandemic in Bhutan. DESIGN Observational study from sentinel surveillance sites. SETTING Bhutan remains isolated, with only one to two flights a day at the lone airport, no trains, and only three major roads that enter from India. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES PCR positive human respiratory samples. RESULTS The first case of A(H1N1)pdm09 infection was de...

We assessed a media-based public health surveillance system in Bangladesh during 2010-2011. The system is a highly effective, low-cost, locally appropriate, and sustainable outbreak detection tool that could be used in other low-income, resource-poor settings to meet the capacity for surveillance outlined in the International Health Regulations 2005.

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control have highlighted the importance of establishing systems to monitor severe influenza. Following the H1N1 (2009) influenza pandemic, a sentinel network of 23 Trusts, the UK Severe Influenza Surveillance System (USISS), was established to monitor hospitalisations due to confirmed seasonal influenza in E...

Influenza-like illness data are collected via an Influenza Sentinel Provider Surveillance Network at the state level. Because participation is voluntary, locations of the sentinel providers may not reflect optimal geographic placement. The purpose of this study was to determine the "best" locations for sentinel providers in Iowa by using a maximal coverage model (MCM) and to compare the populat...

background: considering that there was not any regional survey in isfahan, iran regarding the epidemiology of acute respiratory tract infections (arti) in different age groups of general population, the aim of this study was to determine the epidemiologic feature of artis in isfahan using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method. materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study,pati...

background: the fourth survey of the surveillance system named ‘‘childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevention of adult non-communicable disease’’ (caspian–iv study), was conducted among a national representative sample of iranian students. this paper describes the methods and early findings of this survey.  methods: this nationwide school-based study was conducted in 31 provinces of ir...

b a ckground: a field study on diversity and distribution of anophelines currently present in a past endemic malaria area of spain was carried out in order to identify possible risk areas of local disease transmission. m e t hods: multiple larval sites were sampled from june to october of 2011 in the region of somontano de barbastro (northeastern spain). the sampling effort was fixed at 10 minu...