houshang, second mythical king of iran, is introduced as pishdad in historical texts. he had the most important duties such as collecting water in ponds, ordering to hunt wild animals, clothes making, carpeting using animal's skin, and encouraging people to agriculture. arabic historical texts are written in the early islamic centuries narrating the stories of persian kings. they were derived f...

among factors causing disagreement of shiites and sunnis is commentatorial   hadiths. such hadiths are of great significance in the process of understanding as well as commenting on the quran–and even inferring juristic precepts. hence, attitude of muslims towards such   hadiths play a significant role in the process of formation of their beliefs and inferring islamic precepts. attitude of sunn...

investigating a hadith narrated from the fifth shi‘a imam (abu ja‘far muhammad al-baqir) in two quranic commentaries of al-tibyan and majma‘al-bayan, the present essay finds its origin in al-masabih fi tafsir al-qur’an by abu al-qasim wazir maghribi (370-418 a.h.). wazir maghribi attributes that hadith to abu ja‘far in an ambiguous way. however, that hadith is neither narrated in shiite books o...

Background: The present study aimed to compare the complete blood count (CBC) indices between COVID-19 patients and the control group, and assess the relationship of these indices with COVID-19 prognosis given the role of complete blood counts in the COVID-19 prognosis. Methods: COVID-19 patients (confirmed by PCR or CT-Scan) who visited Imam Hospital in Sari were selected in this case-control...

Renal Stone is one of the fairly common diseases in all over the world. According to statistics , its prevalence in America is between 10 to 15% (1). Iran and its neighbors such as Turkey and Pakistan locate on stone-making region. The exact prevalence and incidence rates of urinary calculi in Iran are not clear (2). Since a) mortality rate in this disease is not high, b) there is no longer tim...

medical books written in islamic societies have devoted special chapters to preventive medicine named hefzossehha’. nowadays, ferdous alhekmah is considered as the first medical text authored by muslim scientists in islamic countries. but in this review study we offer a more ancient text that belongs to ali ibn musa (imam reza pbuh), the 8th imam of shi’ites. this text was written about 815-818...

This paper discusses a new National Science Foundation-funded project that will examine the dynamics of third-party international mediation using statistical time-series analyses of political event data. Third-party mediation was attempted in over half of the conflicts in the post-WWII period and it is likely that the use of mediation has increased following the end of the Cold War. Surprisingl...