This article explores the consequences of four models of language learning and acquisition on textbook design, and the sequencing and distribution of lesson activities. The model developed by Levelt (1989) to explain oral speech production, which was later extended to second language learning by De Bot (1992), points to the importance of lexical knowledge and subconscious, automatic processing....

In the present study, an exploratory approach (Oxford, Cho, Leung & Kim, 2004) to language learning is adopted which holds that the number and type of strategies used by Iranian learners might vary with respect to the difficulty of task and their L2 proficiency. In this regard, the term task is defined, its leading dimentions and charecteristics are put forward, and the nature of learning start...

it is vital in every language classroom that the best pos- sible materials be chosen as they are considered to play the next most important role in learning a foreign language after the teacher. all teachers are responsible to evaluate what they intend to take to the language classroom. these days, language teachers have the preference to equip their classes with technology as a supplement to b...

Self-assessment and task-based assessment have recently attracted attention in language learning and testing contexts worldwide; however, little research has been carried out to document the link between these notions. The present research was an attempt to investigate the connection between task-free/task-based self-assessment and learners’ self-perceived communicative competence in speaking. ...

This study has been carried out to develop a critical checklist for global/commercial textbooks which play a crucial role in language teaching/learning. For this aim, a number of items have been developed based on a comprehensive review of the related literature and experts’ opinions. The tentative checklist was administered to the targeted population, yet 326 checklists were deemed appropriate...