Traditional land surface models (LSMs) used for numerical weather simulation, climate projection, and as inputs to water management decision support systems, do not treat the LSM lower boundary in a fully process-based fashion. LSMs have evolved from a leaky-bucket approximation to more sophisticated land surface water and energy budget models that typically have a specified bottom layer flux t...

this study aims to evaluate effects of two downscaling methods; change-factor and statistical downscaling on therunoff of the azam-harat river located at yazd province (with an arid climate) of iran, under the a2 emission scenariofor the period of 2010-2039. for this purpose, cgcm3-ar4 model; a rainfall-runoff conceptual model, ihacres; twodownscaling models, change factor and lars-wg were appl...

abstract this papare is resaults of analysing the data which reported from a harvesting project. the site for collecting data is buildings' roofs of azad islamic university of mashhad. a rain gauge and a small reservoir (capacity is 4 cubic meters) were set at this site. then the amount of precipitation and its runoff were measured during two years (from 1386, dey, 23 to 1388, tir, 3).the sampl...

Since rock glaciers are believed to be more resilient climate change, water stores therein may become important reservoirs in future, particular dry regions, which currently rely on glacial runoff. In order estimate and evaluate the future runoff potential from permafrost glaciers, distributed models suitable for high Alpine catchments needed. An extension Glacier Evolution Runoff Model (GERM) ...

nowadays protecting land cover, quality and quantity of water resources are important. surface runoff is one of most important reasons of soil erosion which causes sediment in reservoirs and reduction of land’s fertility and also quality reduction water of rivers. so the main issue is exact prediction of basin runoff to raining events. the hydrologic models are simplified models of real hydrolo...

Runoff estimation resulted from precipitation is the basis of more study in various develop and exploit design from water resource, then its measure and calculation due to environmental bottlenecks, always have a plenty problem. As a result of the importance of output runoff estimation and flood volume in watershed for the sake of country integrated watershed management in this study tried to 9...

Runoff estimation resulted from precipitation is the basis of more study in various develop and exploit design from water resource, then its measure and calculation due to environmental bottlenecks, always have a plenty problem. As a result of the importance of output runoff estimation and flood volume in watershed for the sake of country integrated watershed management in this study tried to 9...