Social identity is a constant and permanent process that changes social situations based on individual experiences in these situations. Religious and ethnic identities are two dimensions of social identity that are of great importance in Iranian society. Due to the ethnic diversity in Iran and the proximity of ethnic cultures through migration, ethnic identity is noticeable. Religious identity ...

Batak and Minangkabau are the two big tribes in Indonesia. It is not wrong to say that Bataks cultured. In theory, humans cultured creatures. Culture static, impermanent flexible. This flexibility can be seen process of mixing between or more cultures. When cultures at same time place, culture becomes inevitable. Just like a melting pot salad bowl America. perspective sociology anthropology ref...

In men’s health research, an important gap exists in how we explain differences in health among men. Though scholarly contributions to men’s health disparities are growing, there continues to be a lack of discourse around concrete solutions that can be applied to reducing or eliminating differences in health outcomes between groups of men. This is the first special issue dedicated to describing...

Lichens are used in traditional medicine, food and various other ethnic uses by cultures across the Himalayas southwestern parts of China. Evidence-based knowledge from historical modern literatures investigation 1990 proved that lichen species as medicine China totaled to 142 species; furthermore, 42 were utilized food. Moreover, some lichens popularly for produce life. An understanding clarif...

Social capital designs the ensemble of resources which are accessible to a social actor through its relationship with other actors [1]. As such, social capital is always embedded in a social network, where nodes represent actors (e.g. individuals, political groups, associations), and links represent relationships (e.g., friendship, common interests, hostility) [2]. Social networks are inherentl...

Ethnic Chinese is ethnic that can preserve their culture from foreign influence time to time. China has undergone several diasporas, leading many we see in various countries today, including Indonesia. The immigrants then lived together an area called ‘Chinese town’ or, Indonesian, ‘pecinan,’ whose shophouse (Rumah Toko) the town’s landmark. It asks how architecture and interior of Chinatown In...