Background Between 1990 and 2015, under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) declined by 53%, from an estimated rate of 91 deaths per 1000 live births to 43, globally. The aim of this study was to determine the share of health research systems in this decrease alongside other influential factors.   Methods We used random effect regression models including the ‘random intercept’ and ‘random intercept and ran...

T he fourth Millennium Development Goal (MDG) (1) aims to reduce child mortality according to the target: ‘Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-5 mortality rate’ (U5MR). The 2009 MDG report (2) stated ‘Although data on this target are problematic and at times contentious, significant progress in individual African countries has been registered, although the rate of progress at...

background and aims: the study investigated mortality rates of children in west area of isfahan province in 2006-2012. methods: this cross- sectional study performed in a seven- years period by using information received from isfahan health center on neonatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate,under 5 years mortality rate in the west of isfahan province. results: the results showed that the ...

BACKGROUND For more than three decades, the main health indicators of the rural population of Iran have been gathered using a 'vital horoscope'. In this study, we use information derived from the vital horoscope to assess trends over time and geographic patterns of inequality in these health indicators. METHODS Nine main health indicators were derived from official annual reports of the Minis...

OBJECTIVES To assess household amenities in districts of high focus states and their association with child health in India. DESIGN The data for the study are extracted from Annual Health Survey (AHS) and Census 2011. SETTINGS Districts in high focus states in India. PARTICIPANTS Information regarding children below 5 years of age and women aged 15-49 has been extracted from the AHS (2010...

BACKGROUND The child mortality rate is a good indicator of development. High levels of infectious diseases and high child mortality make the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) one of the most challenging environments for health development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Recent conflicts in the eastern part of the country and bad governance have compounded the problem. This study aimed to examine ...

INTRODUCTION Socioeconomic inequalities in health represent unfairness in the health distribution of a population. Efforts to produce information on mortality distributions in many low and middle income countries (LMICs) are mostly hampered by lack of data disaggregated by socioeconomic groups. In this paper we describe how mortality statistics obtained from multiple data sources were combined ...

The area of Walikale in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo, is intensely affected by conflict and population displacement. Médecins-Sans-Frontières (MSF) returned to provide primary healthcare in July 2012. To better understand the impact of the ongoing conflict and displacement on the population, a retrospective mortality survey was conducted in April 2013. A two-stage randomized cluster...

Background and aims: The study investigated mortality rates of children in west area of Isfahan province in 2006-2012. Methods: This cross- sectional study performed in a seven- years period by using information received from Isfahan Health center on neonatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate,under 5 years mortality rate in the west of Isfahan provinc...

BACKGROUND Many African economies have achieved substantial economic growth over the past recent years, yet several of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) including those concerned with health, remain considerably behind target. This paper examines whether progress towards these goals is being hampered by existing levels of poverty and income inequality. It also considers whether the inequa...