In the last decade, displacement-based seismic design procedures have been recognised to be effective alternatives to force-based design (FBD) methods. Indeed, displacement based design (DBD) may allow the structural engineer to get more realistic predictions of local and global deformations of the structure, and hence damage, under design earthquakes. This facilitates the achievement of perfor...

According to the masonry standard the compressive strength is basically dependent on factors such as the mortar strength and the relative values of unit and mortar strength. However interlocking brick has none or less use of mortar. Therefore there is a need to investigate the behavior of masonry walls using interlocking bricks. In this study a series of tests have been conducted; physical prop...

This study investigates the influence of uncertainty in material properties on in-plane lateral behavior and capacity stone masonry walls via a stochastic discontinuum analysis framework. The framework is demonstrated 3D numerical assessment an unreinforced (URM) wall using form Monte Carlo simulations. random parameters considered this are prism compressive strength masonry, tensile units join...

Structural retrofitting is carried out as an economical alternative to demolishing and rebuilding existing masonry structures. Retrofitting provided offer structural upgrade damage-control. This paper presents the application of oriented strand board type 3 (OSB/3) for unreinforced walls. Out-of-plane bending test in form four-point loading was performed on six The results show that OSB/3 can c...

The seismic response of five cultural heritage towers erected between the 10th and 19th century AD are investigated herein. Firstly, their architectural modal characteristics were studied in light events that hit monuments. There exist several historical reports strong earthquakes, as well damaged structures collapses. limit analysis is adopted to examine post-elastic behavior up collapse due o...

An effective approach for strengthening masonry buildings is to apply shotcrete reinforced with mesh on the surface of the wall. It is not possible to assess the behaviour of coated walls solely using analytical approaches based on simple equations of theory of elasticity without the use of numerical methods. Unreinforcced masonry wall is modelled in this study using the finite element softwar...

An effective approach for strengthening masonry buildings is to apply shotcrete reinforced with mesh on the surface of the wall. It is not possible to assess the behaviour of coated walls solely using analytical approaches based on simple equations of theory of elasticity without the use of numerical methods. Unreinforcced masonry wall is modelled in this study using the finite element softwar...

There are many ways to strengthen an unreinforced brick masonry wall. One of the strengthening methods applies timber, which is a lightweight and easy installation. The connection between timber wall plays important role. In this study, experimental theoretical were investigated, pullout shear strengths chemical anchor employed as clay SPF (spruce, pine, fir) lumber. Three bolt diameters (ø8, ø...