In this paper, we proposed a speaker-dependent voice activity detection (VAD) algorithm that only extracts the speech period uttered by a target user. Based on our survey of the recognition error of real speech data collected in “VoiceTra,” which is a speech-to-speech translation system for smartphones, we found that many word insertion errors are caused by background speakers’ speech. Our VAD,...

Vad är kärnan i fritidshemmets undervisning, hur kan fritidspedagogiska förhållningssätt synliggöras och utvecklas vad kräver det för lärarposition? Sådana frågor har varit utgångspunkt ULF-projekt som presenteras denna artikel.

BACKGROUND Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common dementing illness. Multiple risk factors are associated with VaD, but the individual contribution of each to disease onset and progression is unclear. We examined the relationship between diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) and the clinical variables of VaD. METHODS Data from 593 patients evaluated between June, 2003 and June, 2008 for co...

Vascular dementia (VaD) is a progressive neurodegenerative syndrome that encompasses a wide spectrum of cognitive disorders caused by cerebrovascular diseases (Pennisi et al., 2011; Selnes & Vinters, 2006). VaD and Alzheimers disease (AD) are the most common dementia syndromes in the elderly (Matioli & Caramelli, 2010). However, only a small percentage of elderly patients have ‘pure AD’ or ‘pur...

During budding, lentiviral particles (LVP) incorporate cell membrane proteins in the viral envelope. We explored the possibility of harnessing this process to generate LVP-expressing membrane proteins of therapeutic interest and studied the potential of these tools to treat different pathologies. Fas-mediated apoptosis is central to the maintenance of T cell homeostasis and prevention of autoim...

Natural immunity or resistance to pathogens most often relies on the genetic make-up of the host. In a LEW rat model of refractoriness to toxoplasmosis, we previously identified on chromosome 10 the Toxo1 locus that directs toxoplasmosis outcome and controls parasite spreading by a macrophage-dependent mechanism. Now, we narrowed down Toxo1 to a 891 kb interval containing 29 genes syntenic to h...

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD), a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness, has been recognized as an important public health problem in many developing countries. In this study, we conducted a systematic review to identify all population-based studies of VAD and marginal VAD (MVAD) in Chinese children published from 1990 onwards. Hierarchical Bayesian meta-regressions were performed to exa...

Voice activity detection, i.e., discrimination of the speech/nonspeech segments in a speech signal, is an important enabling technology for a variety of speech-based applications including the speaker recognition. In this work we provide a performance evaluation of the following supervised and unsupervised VAD algorithms in the context of text-dependent speaker recognition on the RSR2015 (Robus...

The objective is to evaluate the efficacy of galantamine when a slow titration regimen is employed in Thai Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with or without cerebrovascular disease and vascular dementia (VaD). A 6-month, multicentre, open-label, uncontrolled trial was undertaken in 75 AD patients. Eligible patients received an initial galantamine dose of 8 mg/day and escalated over 5-8 weeks to...

This paper demonstrates how feedback from a speech recognizer can be leveraged to improve Voice Activity Detection (VAD) for online speech recognition. First, reliably transcribed segments of audio are fed back by the recognizer as supervision for VAD model adaptation. This allows the much stronger LVCSR acoustic models to be harnessed without adding computation. Second, when to make a VAD deci...