background : because of the rapid aging rate, the share of health expenditure in gross domestic product rises irreversibly and increases concern among politicians and the general public. the aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of the baumol’s model of unbalanced growth in iran over the period 1981-2010. methods : this theoretical-analytical study was conducted in 2012 to investigate t...

in this paper, mixed convection of al2o3-eg-water nanofluid in a square lid-driven enclosure is investigated numerically. the focus of this study is on the effects of variable thermophysical properties of the nanofluid on the heat transfer characteristics. the top moving and the bottom stationary horizontal walls are insulated, while the vertical walls are kept at different constant temperature...

DAG models with hidden variables present many difficulties that are absent when all nodes are observed. In particular, fully ob­ served DAG models are identified and cor­ respond to well-defined sets of distributions, whereas this is not true if nodes are unob­ served. In this paper we characterize exactly the set of distributions given by a class of Gaussian models with one-dimensional latent ...