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Abstract Referees play a central role in competitive sport. Particularly amateur sport, referees contribute significantly to making participation sport possible for the masses. However, considering that every referee’s career starts at grassroots level, it is very surprising there has been no research on personality traits of so far. The current state indicates an essential component requiremen...

The aim of the present study was to compare executive attention of top soccer referees and assistant referees at different levels of professional attainment. The sample consisted of 53 subjects (FIFA and national level) - 30 referees and 23 assistant referees. Executive attention of assistant referees was significantly better than the referees' (p<0.01). Furthermore, extraclass and internationa...

The research aims to develop measures of conscience vitality and ambition levels determine their correlations in basketball referees. community was determined by the working referees accredited registered records Central Basketball Federation Iraq, whose number is (84) distributed among three (international, first second). sample selected using a comprehensive inventory method. scale consisted ...

results among 78 participants (including 32 center and 46 side referees), mean and standard deviation of age, body mass index, percent of body fat, vo2max and performance scores were 37 ± 3.8, 23.6 ± 2.1, 20.7 ± 3.9, 59.9 ± 7.1 and 85.8 ± 0.25, respectively. no significant correlation between referees’ mean score and selected parameters were found. conclusions it seems that the acquired scores ...

the aim of this study was to examine physiological load imposed on iranian elite soccer referees during actual match play in the 2007-2008 season. ten male elite soccer referees (age: 36.23±2.24 years, height: 180.1±4.48 cm, body mass: 78.18±8.4 kg, fat mass: 19.38±3.3 percent bmi: 23.98±1.53 kg.m-2) participated in the study. heart rate data were collected during match using the suunto t6 devi...