Due to the high selective molecular recognition and high sensitivity of the immunoassay system, assays via antibody-antigen interaction have drawn a great deal of interest. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most commonly used method among various immunoassays. It has been developed for detection and quantification of a wide variety of materials in the biotechnology and clinical m...

Washing machines are a common feature today in the Indian household. The most important utility a customer can derive from a washing machine is that he saves the effort he/she had to put in brushing, agitating and washing the cloth. Most of the people wouldn’t have noticed (but can reason out very well) that different type of cloth need different amount of washing time which depends directly on...

The application of water washing technology for recycling an organic composite solvent consisting of hexane and pentane (4:1; TU-A solvent) was investigated for extracting total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from contaminated soil. The effects of water volume, water temperature, washing time and initial concentration of solvent were evaluated using orthogonal experiments followed by single facto...

OBJECTIVE To analyse and improve the effectiveness of common indigenous washing methods for the reduction of faecal coliform (FC) populations on the surface of wastewater-irrigated vegetables and to determine simple factors affecting their efficacy. METHODS Questionnaire interviews were used to gather information on common methods used for washing vegetables in seven West African countries. T...

The effects of prolonged water washing after fixation for 48 h in 10% (v/v) phosphate-buffered neutral formalin on the quality of representative histological staining methods were evaluated using samples of liver, kidney, spleen and thymus collected from three male Crl:CD(SD)(IGS) rats and one male beagle dog. Because door-to-door courier services in Japan prohibit handling formalin, our goal w...

BACKGROUND Recent interest in the role of vulnerability factors in obsessional washing has suggested that disgust sensitivity, danger expectancy and health anxiety may be of interest. AIMS This study explores the differential impact of these factors on both behavioural and cognitive measures of washing behaviour and is based on a replication of the Jones and Menzies (1997) experiment, during ...

PURPOSE Bronchiectasis is the main cause of hemoptysis. When patients with bronchiectasis develop hemoptysis, clinicians often perform bronchoscopy and bronchial washing to obtain samples for microbiological and cytological examinations. Bronchial washing fluids were analyzed from patients with bronchiectasis who developed hemoptysis, and the clinical impacts of these analyses were examined. ...