This paper presents results of the research under the program Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA) for the Aral Sea basin (Subregion 24 of the GIWA program). These results show that the detemining factor for the region is freshwater shortage and the main issue is modification of stream flow. According to GIWA assessment estimations, freshwater shortage is responsible for about 70% of t...

A reservoir operation model of Mun Bon and Lam Chae reservoirs was developed to simulate reservoir operation using a hedging policy. A variety of common hedging forms was specified, including one-point hedging, two-point hedging and zone-based hedging. The simulated results were compared with the standard operating policy and probability based rule curve. The percentage of failure frequency, av...

The Water Poverty Index WPI was created as an interdisciplinary indicator to assess water stress and scarcity, linking physical estimates of water availability with the socioeconomic drivers of poverty. This index has found great relevance in policy making as an effective water management tool, particularly in resources allocation and prioritization processes. Two conceptual weaknesses exist in...

Desalination systems driven by renewable energies are limited, and they usually have a limited capacity. They only represent about 0.02% of total desalination capacity. However, many reasons make the use of renewable energies suitable for brackish and seawater desalination. In addition to shortage of fresh water resources, Jordan is suffering from shortages in recoverable commercial energy sour...

In recent years, water shortage is becoming one of the most serious problems in the Poyang Lake. In this paper, the long-term water balance items of the Poyang Lake have been analyzed to reveal the coupling effects of Three Gorges Dam (TGD) and droughts on the water balance of Poyang Lake. The results indicate that: (1) the water balance items of Poyang Lake vary greatly, e.g. lake precipitatio...

this study assessed the optimum water need of pepper (capsicum annuum l. cv. california wonder) and the critical irrigation level to be applied in order to achieve a reasonable economic yield in water shortage conditions. in a controlled field experiment involving five different treatments, seasonal evapotranspiration for pepper fluctuated from 89 mm in the severe stress treatment (i0.00) to 1,...

water salinity and drought are the major abiotic stresses limiting turf grass growth. on the other hand, shortage of waterresources and salinity of water and soil in the arid and semi-arid zones such as iran, are the restricting factors in developinglawn turf grasses. an experiment was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of water salinity and deficit irrigation ontall fescue (festuca aru...

Water salinity and drought are the major abiotic stresses limiting turf grass growth. On the other hand, shortage of waterresources and salinity of water and soil in the arid and semi-arid zones such as Iran, are the restricting factors in developinglawn turf grasses. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of water salinity and deficit irrigation ontall fescue (Festuca aru...

Nearly 3 billion additional urban dwellers are forecasted by 2050, an unprecedented wave of urban growth. While cities struggle to provide water to these new residents, they will also face equally unprecedented hydrologic changes due to global climate change. Here we use a detailed hydrologic model, demographic projections, and climate change scenarios to estimate per-capita water availability ...

A comprehensive assessment of drought environmental and socio-economic impacts provides critical information to rational decisions supporting drought mitigation policies and programs. The objectives of this study were to survey environmental and socio-economic impacts of drought in Guilan Province, and prioritize them from the viewpoint of paddy farmers. This study was a descriptive-correlation...