We examined affective forecasting errors as a possible explanation of the perennial appeal of extrinsic values and goals. Study 1 found that although people relatively higher in extrinsic (money, fame, image) compared to intrinsic (growth, intimacy, community) value orientation (REVO) are less happy, they nevertheless believe that attaining extrinsic goals offers a strong potential route to hap...

allergic rhinitis is the most common cause of allergic diseases. the recent guidelines of allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (aria) group, classified it to intermittent (less than 4 days per week and for less than 4 weeks) and persistent (more than 4 days per week or lasting more than 4 weeks regardless of the number of days per week). the present study evaluates the patients with aria ...

This volume covers five central controversies in current philosophy of mind. There are many more than five current controversies, but arguably the most interesting are those that play out some of the perennial problems of the philosophy of mind. For through the historical progression of philosophical dialectic, certain ancient philosophical problems have taken very specific shapes and have narr...

gaining knowledge of the different existential aspects of human being counts among some the most important issues in psychology (‘ilm al-nafs) and anthropology. in this respect, philosophers in philosophical psychology or knowledge of the self have discussed the different degrees of soul and its faculties, whereas ancient philosophers used to deal with such issues in discussions over natural sc...

Low temperature is one of the abiotic stresses seriously affecting the growth of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and freezing tolerance is a complex trait of major agronomical importance in northern and central Europe. Understanding the genetic control of freezing tolerance would aid in the development of cultivars of perennial ryegrass with improved adaptation to frost. The plant mater...

Problems associated with annual grain agriculture, such as soil erosion and water and air pollution, indicate that reliance on annual grain production is a fundamental problem of current agricultural practice (23). Annual plant roots are less efficient micromanagers of water, soil, and soil nutrients than their perennial counterparts, resulting in nutrient and pesticide contamination of water s...

Photoperiodic flowering has been extensively studied in the annual short-day and long-day plants rice (Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), whereas less is known about the control of flowering in perennials. In the perennial wild strawberry, Fragaria vesca (Rosaceae), short-day and perpetual flowering long-day accessions occur. Genetic analyses showed that differences in their ...

In contrast to annual plants, in perennial plants, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) can undergo seasonal transitions between dormancy and activity; understanding this transition is crucial for understanding growth in perennial plants. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of SAM development in trees. Here, light and transmission electron microscopy revealed that evident changes...

Investment in reproduction and growth represent a classic tradeoff with implication for life history evolution. The local environment can play a major role in the magnitude and evolutionary consequences of such a tradeoff. Here, we examined the investment in reproductive and vegetative tissue in 40 maternal half-sib families from four different populations of the herb Plantago coronopus growing...

Water shortage worldwide mandates minimum use of irrigation water with maximumefficiency and productivity in all agricultural crops, landscape plants and turf. The objective inthis experiment was to study the effect of two levels of evapotranspiration-based (ETc) droughtin combination with two levels of nanosilicon dioxide (SiO2; NanSi1=1 mM and NanSi=2 mM),two levels of digoxin (Dig1=0.25 mg.l...