It is a grand challenge to model the emergence of swarm intelligence and many principles or models had been proposed. However, existing models do not catch the nature of swarm intelligence and they are not generic enough to describe various types of emergence phenomena. In this work, we propose a contradiction-centric model for emergence of swarm intelligence, in which individuals’ contradictio...

A SUMNIARY of the actions of these drugs involves a survey of well-establishe(d conclusions and a critical examination of contrary opinions. Although experiments which appear to give opposite results are ofteniln fact not comparable because of differences in technique, contradictions sometimes occur when such differences are not apparent; and, in that case, reference to individual papers is har...

The purpose of this paper is to show how Activity Theory Framework (ATF) was used for understanding the challenges, contradictions, and turbulences that are inevitable when institutions of higher education (IHEs) as learning organizations integrate ICT to change teaching and learning practices, demonstrated through two cases. The first case is situated in a Danish university, whereas the second...

The typical goal of representing knowledge formally is to make knowledge accessible to machines. Hence, knowledge representation formalisms are chosen to accommodate well to the strengths of machines, often at the expense of being less easy to understand for humans. At the same time, formal representations are most often created or maintained by humans. This discrepancy provides the motivation ...

In this paper, we introduce the tractable pf -EL logic, a paraconsistent version of the fuzzy logic f -EL. Within pf -EL, it is possible to tolerate contradictions under incomplete and vague knowledge. pf -EL extends the f -EL language with a paraconsistent negation in order to represent contradictions. This paraconsistent negation is defined under Belnap’s bilattices. It is important to observ...

The Logic of Paradox, LP, is a first-order, three-valued logic that has been advocated by Graham Priest as an appropriate way to represent the possibility of acceptable contradictory statements. Second-order LP is that logic augmented with quantification over predicates. As with classical second-order logic, there are different ways to give the semantic interpretation of sentences of the logic....

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are formed by a large collection of power-conscious wireless-capable sensors without the support of pre-existing infrastructure, possibly by unplanned deployment. With a sheer number of sensor nodes, their unattended deployment and hostile environment very often preclude reliance on physical configuration or physical topology. It is, therefore, often necessary to...

Abstract In this paper, I will present a puzzle for logical analyses, such as Russell’s analysis of definite descriptions and Recanati’s ‘that’-clauses. argue that together with Kripke’s disquotational principles connecting sincere assent belief non-trivial analyses lead to contradictions. Following this, compare the about Frege’s ascriptions. We see although two puzzles do have similarities, s...

We consider the logical difference problem for terminologies that are formulated in the lightweight description logic EL with role inclusions for role hierarchies, transitivity, and right-identity. The main result is that deciding whether two terminologies are logically different wrt. a signature can be done in ExpTime, thus it is more difficult than the subsumption problem for this logic but n...