AbstructData from the Ku-band SeaWinds scatterometer is used to investigate the extent of the ice facies in Greenland. The duration of the summer melt over the Greenland ice sheet is calculated using the temporal signature of the SeaWinds data. Daily ascending and descending enhanced resolution radar backscatter images of Greenland are produced to investigate diurnal variations in backscatter m...

Laboratory absorption spectra of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN, CH3C(O)OONO2) vapour have been measured in the mid-infrared range 550 cm−1 to 1400 cm−1 (18.2 to 7.14μm) at both 250 K and 273 K, using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer at a nominal spectral resolution of 0.25 cm−1 (unapodised). In addition, the 1600 cm−1 to 2200 cm−1 (6.25 to 4.54μm) spectral region has been measured at 250 K...

this research seeks to study the impact of pan-turkist ideology on central asia. the collapse of the soviet :union: and independence of the central asian and caucasian states once again revitalized hopes among the pan-turkist theoreticians and strategists who were hopeless about the implementation of their project of establishing a turkic empire in the southern parts of the soviet :union:. cons...

daily discharge data of 12 hydrometric recording stations in atrak river basin were manipulated to calculate low flows for 7-day duration for studying hydrological drought using regional analysis method. using regression models, the low flows for 7-days duration of 10-year return period were calculated and regional low flows were estimated for 20 stations. daily data in each station used to sim...

Using long-term (1948–1996) pan evaporation measurements, a 6% increase in warm-season (May–October) actual evapotranspiration (ET ) is computed over the conterminous United States between 1949 and 1996 via the complementary hypothesis. This predicted increase in ET is in agreement with the measured precipitation increase for the same period if long-term wet-surface ET is assumed to be constant...

Methods are needed to quantify effects of land use and management practices on nutrient and sediment loads at the watershed scale. Two methods were used to apply a DRAINMOD−based watershed−scale model (DRAINWAT) to estimate total nitrogen (N) transport from a poorly drained, forested watershed. In both methods, in−stream retention or losses of N were calculated with a lumped−parameter model, wh...

Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET o), used to determine actual crop evapotranspiration, is often estimated from pan evaporation (EP) data. However, uncertainties in the relationship between ET o and EP often result in unreliable estimate of crop evapotranspiration. This study investigated the relationship between measured and estimated crop evapotranspirations, ET m and ET e, respectively, ...

This paper is an attempt to assess the potential and usefulness of ANN based modeling for evaporation prediction from a reservoir, where in classical and empirical equations failed to predict the evaporation accurately. The meteorological data set of daily pan evaporation, temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed is used in this study. The performance of feed forward back pro...