There is little question that the strength of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between cement paste and aggregate affects the compressive strength of concrete. The key question, rather, is to what degree? It is difficult to directly measure the response of the overall composite to changes in interfacial properties, since it is difficult to isolate interfacial strength as the only variable....

A series of symmetrical and asymmetrical microfluidic T-sensors with different inlet angles were fabricated to study the mixing characteristics of a T-type microstructure for generating concentration gradient. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations showed that the concentration gradient, transition zone and diffusion length were different for various configurations and inlet angles. Qui...

Both the refolding kinetics and unfolding kinetics of ribonuclease A have been measured at the same final conditions, as a function of temperature at pH 3.9, by stopped-flow (pH-jump) experiments; absorbance changes at 240 and 286.5 nm were measured. Refolding follows first-order kinetics in the upper two-thirds of the thermal transition zone. Under the same conditions, the unfolding kinetics a...

PURPOSE To quantify the relationship between total training load and running performance during the most important competitions of the season (national cross-country championships, 4.175- and 10.130-km races). METHODS Eight well-trained, subelite endurance runners (age (mean+/-SD): 23+/-2 yr; VO2max: 70.0+/-7.3 mL.kg.min) performed a maximal cardiorespiratory exercise test before the training...

The aims of this study were to (a) examine the interrelationships between training intensity, VO2max, and race performance in adolescent crosscountry runners and (b) determine if adolescent runners participating in a group crosscountry training program differ in the amount of training time at various intensities. In this study, 7 adolescent runners performed a laboratory-based VO2max test befor...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the power output (PO) during the cycle phase of the Beijing World Cup test event of the Olympic triathlon in China 2008. METHODS Ten elite triathletes (5 females, 5 males) performed two laboratory tests: an incremental cycling test during which PO, HR at ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2), and maximal aerobic power (MAP) were assessed, and a bri...

We investigated the effectiveness of reconstruction using an infraglabellar bilobed flap of transnasal skin and subcutaneous tissue for patients with medial canthal defects. Our noncomparative interventional case series involved 11 consecutive patients with medial canthal defects following Mohs micrographic excision of basal cell carcinoma. The medial canthal area was divided into 3 zones: zone...

A large number of power meters have been produced on the market for nearly 20 y according to user requirements. PURPOSE To determine the validity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and robustness of the PowerTap (PWT), Stages (STG), and Garmin Vector (VCT) power meters in comparison with the SRM device. METHODS A national-level male competitive cyclist completed 3 laboratory cycling tests: a su...