This study focuses on the application of combining membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment with reverse osmosis (RO) or nanofiltration (NF) membrane treatment for removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in municipal wastewater. Twenty-seven PPCPs were measured in real influent with lowest average concentration being trimethoprim (7.12 ng/L) and the highest being caffeine (18.4...

Introduction MBRs (membrane bioreactors) are a recent innovation of the activated sludge process, which eliminates many constraints associated with the traditional gravity settling. Nevertheless, it suffer membrane fouling. The colloidal and macromolecular fraction of MBR sludge has been reported as the main foulant of MBR systems. SMP can be classified into BAP (biomass associated products) an...

PURPOSE To report retinal blood flow levels measured by Laser speckle flowgraphy in three patients after they received an intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB) for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). METHODS Three patients (3 eyes) being treated with IVB (1.25 mg/0.05 mL) for secondary macular edema of CRVO were examined. Laser speckle flowgraphy analyses of t...

The aim of this study was to assess the potential removal efficacy of enteric viruses in a fullscale membrane bioreactor (MBR) wastewater reuse system, using a range of indigenous and ‘spiked’ bacteriophages (phages) of known size and morphology. Samples were taken each week for three months from nine locations at each treatment stage of the water recycling plant (WRP) and tested for a range of...

BACKGROUND To determine the correlation between the optic nerve head (ONH) circulation determined by laser speckle flowgraphy and the best-corrected visual acuity or retinal sensitivity before and after intravitreal bevacizumab or ranibizumab for central retinal vein occlusion. METHODS Thirty-one eyes of 31 patients were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab or ranibizumab for macular edema d...

Abstract The integration of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) into the membrane bioreactor (MBR) process (AX-MBR) is proposed in this study to reduce operating costs. temperature was not controlled during study. Anammox, denitrification, and nitrification were studied AX-MBR for 210 days. reactor fed with mainstream sewage from Guilin City, China. results showed that could run reduced disso...

Broomcorn seed (Sorghum vulgare) was used as raw material for bioethanol production. Optimum conditions were obtained from response surface method. Broomcorn seed flour (45 g/l) was treated by alkaline treatment and dual enzymatic hydrolysis (0.7 g/l of α- amylase and 0.42 g/l of amyloglucosidase). The hydrolyzed total sugar of 25.5 g/L was used in conventional bioethanol production (8.1 g/l) u...

A novel nanofiltration membrane bioreactor (NF-MBR) was constructed by integrating a loosely structured hollow fiber into an aerobic activated sludge system. In order to verify the feasibility of loose NF bioreactor, parallel experiments conventional ultrafiltration (UF-MBR) and NF-MBR were conducted investigate process performances, fouling characteristics. The showed relatively high permeabil...

In the developing brain, excessive neurites are actively pruned in the construction and remodeling of neural circuits. We demonstrate for the first time that the pruning of neurites occurs in the simple neural circuit of Caenorhabditis elegans and that a novel transcription factor, MBR-1, is involved in this process. We identified MBR-1 as a C. elegans ortholog of Mblk-1, a transcription factor...