سپیدایی از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت زﻳﺴﺖ‌ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ و آب‌و‌ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ به‌شمار می‌رود؛ ازاین‌رو، بررسی رفتار زمانی مکانی آن می‌تواند ابزاری برای شناخت تغییرات محیطی باشد. ﺳﻨﺠﻨﺪة مودیس ﺳﻄﺢ زﻣﻴﻦ را به‌طور ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ، ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺪرت ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ مناسب ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ دسترس پژوهشگران ﻗﺮار داده است. این پژوهش، واکاوی موانع برداشت/ دیدبانی ایران‌زمین، نخست داده‌های روزانة سنجندة محدودة ایران، بازة 1/1/1379 تا 10/1...

the lack of reliable and updated precipitation datasets is the most important limitation in the study of many climatological and hydrological subjects, including climate change and temporal variability of precipitation in many data sparse areas around the globe. this is particularly valid for iran where vast areas of central-eastern country that host the iranian deserts, suffer from an inadequa...

This study utilizes the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite precipitation radar (PR), lightning imaging sensor (LIS), and passive microwave imager (TMI) data together with ground-based lightning data to investigate the vertical structure, lightning, and rainfall characteristics of Amazonian and subtropical South American convection for three separate wet seasons. These characte...

Ground-based and TRMM precipitation radars provide a complementary view: the Ground-based Radar (GR) measures rain from a lateral direction, while the TRMM radar sees it from the top. There are enormous differences between these two instruments. Mention can be made of the different operation frequencies, sampling volumes, geometrical viewing angles, attenuation, sensitivity and times of acquisi...

In this study, the biases and uncertainty of TRMM 3B42 estimates are investigated over the Huai-River Basin during the summer season in 2010. TRMM products of 3B42RT, 3B42V6 and 3B42V7 are cross-compared to Chinese Precipitation Analyses Products (CPAP) as the reference. It is found that the distribution of bias is closely depend on the terrain with the dry bias locates at hills/mountains and w...

We investigate effects of non-uniform beam-filling on TRMM PR rain retrieval using data from the NASAIJPL Airborne Rain MApping Radar (ARMAR) acquired during TOGA COARE in early 1993. Our approach is to simulate TRMM PR observations using the ARMAR data and compare the radar observable and retrieved rain rate from the simulated PR data with those corresponding to the high-resolution radar measu...

extended abstract introduction rainfall prediction at regional and global scales is mostly as principle component of hydro-meteorological studies in un-gauged regions. ground-based measurements of precipitation are available with high accuracy in synoptic stations. spatial distribution of operational stations is now as one of the biggest problems in the developing countries such as iran, which ...