BIRTH WEIGHT AND DURATION OF GESTATION That mean birth weight is higher for males than for females has been consistently recorded (for example by Pearson, 1900; Murray, 1924; Martin, 1931; Bakwin and Bakwin, 1934; Anderson, Brown, and Lyon, 1943), and more recently by Karn and Penrose (1951), Norval, Kennedy, and Berkson (1951), and Salber and Bradshaw (1951). There have been fewer investigatio...

When hydrocortisone was made available for clinical trials in the spring of 1951, three facts seemed relevant: (1J The hormone was the principal, probably the natural, glycogenic steroid secreted by the adrenal cortex (Hechter, 1950; Hechter and others, 1951; Reich and others, 1950; Savard and others, 1952; Bush, 1951; Conn and others, 1951; Jacobsen and Pincus, 1951; Pincus, 1949; Mason, 1950)...

Influenza poses a continuing public health threat in epidemic and pandemic seasons. The 1951 influenza epidemic (A/H1N1) caused an unusually high death toll in England; in particular, weekly deaths in Liverpool even surpassed those of the 1918 pandemic. We further quantified the death rate of the 1951 epidemic in 3 countries. In England and Canada, we found that excess death rates from pneumoni...

Our friend and colleague Zoltán Ésik passed away in Reykjavik, Iceland, on Wednesday, 25 May 2016. He was visiting us as he did with some regularity, compatibly with his many engagements throughout the world. The day before his untimely death, Zoltán had delivered an ICE-TCS seminar entitled Equational Logic of Fixed Point Operations at Reykjavik University. At the start of his talk, he looked ...

The denudation budget of the Alps is quantified for the main period of lateral extrusion between 22 and 12 Ma. The relative importance of tectonic denudation increases from W to E from ,70% in the Lepontine window in the Swiss Alps to ,80% in the Tauern window and to more than 95% in the Rechnitz window. The driving mechanism of tectonic denudation was eastward extrusion due to an unconstrained...

From 1951 to 2001, researchers at the University of Oxford [2] in Oxford, England, conducted the British Doctors? Study, a study that examined the smoking habits, disease rates, and mortality rates of physicians in Britain. Two epidemiologists, scientists who study occurrence and distribution of disease, Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill, initiated the study, and statistician Richard Peto j...