Unicellular algae are the predominant microbial mat-forming phototrophs in the extreme environments of acidic geothermal springs. The ecology of these algae is not well known because concepts of species composition are inferred from cultivated isolates and microscopic observations, methods known to provide incomplete and inaccurate assessments of species in situ. We used sequence analysis of 18...

Mating type (MAT) switching in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is initiated by a double-strand break (DSB) created at MAT by HO endonuclease. MATa cells activate the entire left arm of chromosome III; thus MATa preferentially recombines with the silent donor HML. In contrast, MAT alpha cells inactivate the left arm, including HML, and thus preferentially recombine with HMR, 100 kb to the right of MAT....

Twenty-five isolates of Fusarium fujikuroi acquired from rice seeds and rice plants evidencing symptoms of Bakanae disease were evaluated to determine their mating types and characterize the formation of their sexual state. The mating types of the isolates were evaluated via multiplex PCR with the diagnostic primers of the mating-type (MAT) region: GFmat1a, GFmat1b, GFmat2c, and GFmat2d. Among ...

BACKGROUND Long-term microscopic agglutination test (MAT) results after vaccination with 4-serovar Leptospira vaccines are not available for all vaccines used in client-owned dogs. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To determine antibody responses of client-owned dogs given 1 of 4 commercially available Leptospira vaccines. ANIMALS Healthy client-owned dogs (n = 32) with no history of Leptospira vaccina...

leptospirosis is one of the zoonotic diseases caused by different serovars of the species leptospira interrogans .  the source of infection in humans is usually either direct or indirect contact with the urine of infected animals.  in this study, 400 human blood samples collected from tribal areas of farsan and koohrang cities in west centeral iran.  the serum samples were analyzed employing mi...

Acremonium chrysogenum, the fungal producer of the pharmaceutically relevant beta-lactam antibiotic cephalosporin C, is classified as asexual because no direct observation of mating or meiosis has yet been reported. To assess the potential of A. chrysogenum for sexual reproduction, we screened an expressed sequence tag library from A. chrysogenum for the expression of mating type (MAT) genes, w...

The association of cocaine use disorder (CUD) and comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD; CUD/MDD) is characterized by high prevalence and poor treatment outcomes. CUD/MDD may be primary (primary MDD) or cocaine-induced (CUD-induced MDD). Specific biomarkers are needed to improve diagnoses and therapeutic approaches in this dual pathology. Platelet biomarkers [5-HT2A receptor and imidazoline r...

Abstract The invasive annual grass downy brome ( Bromus tectorum L.) is a critical threat to the semiarid shrublands that characterize western North America. More abundant fine fuel after invasion typically increases fire frequency in plant communities adapted relatively infrequent burning, reducing likelihood of native persistence. Currently, imazapic most often used manage B. , but reinvasion...

Overexpression of the epithelial specific matrix metalloproteinase matrilysin (MAT) has been correlated with enhanced tumorigenicity and tumor cell invasion using in vitro model systems. We have determined the effects of MAT expression on the development of mammary tumorigenesis using transgenic mice that express human MAT under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-long terminal ...