Solution at 2.5-A resolution of the three-dimensional structure of H-2Ld with a single nine-residue peptide provides a structural basis for understanding its unique interaction with beta-2 microglobulin (beta2m) and peptide. Consistent with the biological data that show an unusually weak association of Ld with beta2m, a novel orientation of the alpha1/alpha2 domains of Ld relative to beta2m res...

But these experiments [2] will not give us any information about the dependence or independence of the two factors, namely study habit and home environment. In such cases, we resort to Factorial ANOVA which not only helps us to study the effect of two or more factors but also gives information about their dependence or independence in the same experiment. There are many types of factorial desig...

the features of helicobacter pylori adhesins, their interactions with their host counterparts, regulated and selective gene expressions are amongst the many clever strategies this microorganism undertakes to survive the otherwise sterile gastric milieu. the ingenious crafting of these interactions and the respective host reactions govern, in part, an array of consequences ranging from asymptoma...

patients and methods in this cross-sectional study, peripheral mononuclear cells (pbmcs) were isolated from peripheral blood of 29 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tb and 19 patients with positive tuberculin skin test. the pbmcs were activated with ppd for 72 hours. activated cells were harvested, rna was extracted and cdna was synthesized. a real-time taqman method was designed and opti...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus in the definitive host particularly in dog is the significant complication in the endemic area. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is serological detection of E. granulosus in the infected dogs. METHODS: Dot-ELISA based on the copro-antigen and recombinant EPC1 antigen (rEPC1) for antibody detection was performed. Blood and fecal samples ...

The thymus plays a vital role in the ontogeny of T lymphocytes. Within this organ, T cell precursors acquire the phenotypic markers and the functional reactivities characteristic of mature T cells (1). In addi t ion, nonlymphoid components of the thymus influence the antigen recognition repertoire of developing pre-T cells such that the mature T cells that derive from them recognize foreign ant...

Objective(s): The Botulism syndrome is caused by types A to G of botulinum neurotoxins. The binding domains of these neurotoxins are immunogenic and considered as appropriate candidate vaccines. Due to the low immunogenicity of recombinant vaccines, there have been many studies on the use of biocompatible carriers such as chitosan nanoparticles for the delivery of these vaccines. The aim of thi...

Background: Aberrant expression of cross-lineage antigens gives valuable insight into the diagnosis and prognosis of acute leukemia. In countries like India, cytogenetic tests are widely accessible. Exploring the prognostic value of an accessible test is of great importance. Therefore, establishing a population-specific immunophenotype database will enable to design an antibody panel equipped t...

background: anaphylactic reactions, such as urticaria, edema, respiratory symptoms, and anaphylactic shock often complicate the course of cystic echinococcosis (ce). methods: to investigate the role of the ige immunoreactive antigen 5 (ag 5) in the sero-positive patients with ce, we determined n-terminal of 57 kda subunit of ag5 responsible for ige and c-terminal of this active antigen related ...