Introduction: We previously shown that microinjection of glutamate into the hDB of rat elicited cardiovascular depressive responses. Microinjection of AP5 (an NMDA receptor antagonist, 2.5 mM, 50 nl) and CNQX (an AMPA receptor antagonist, 1 mM, 50 nl) caused no significant changes in the blood pressure and heart rate. Microinjection of bicuculline (BMI: a GABAA receptor antagonist, 1 mM, 50...

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This study was carried out to study the possibility of salt tolerance induction in two cultivars of sorghum by exogenous application of different levels (0, 50 mM and 100 mM) of proline. Salt treatments (100 mM) adversely affected the germination percentage, growth and chlorophyll contents of both cultivars. However, applications of proline alleviated the adverse effects of salt stress. However...

Pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and phosphoenol pyruvate were purchased from Sigma. Restriction endonucleases, shrimp alkaline phosphatase (SAP), and T4 polynucleotide kinase were from New England Biolabs. Covalently closed circular χ +-3F3H dsDNA (a pBR322 derivative, containing tandem χ-sequences (Anderson et al., 1999)) was purified using a QIAGEN " Maxi kit ". M13mp7 replicative for...

PURPOSE To study transport mechanisms for small monocarboxylic acids in the apical and basolateral membranes of freshly isolated, human fetal retinal pigment epithelium. METHODS The epithelium was mounted in a small Ussing chamber that allowed separate perfusion of both the apical and basal compartments and simultaneous measurements of intracellular pH, transepithelial potential, and tissue r...