The aim of this study was to investigate retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) without visual impairment using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to compare the results with healthy controls. A total of 80 subjects, including 40 patients with early untreated AD (mean age, 69.3 ± 4.9 years) and 40 healthy controls (mean age, 68....

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and lacks disease-altering treatments. Fumanjian (FMJ), a famous classic Chinese herbal prescription for dementia, was first recorded in the Complete Works of Jingyue during the Ming Dynasty. This study aimed to investigate whether FMJ could prevent cognitive deficit and take neuroprotective effects in Aβ 1-40-induced rat model throug...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by impaired cognitive function and the deposition of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular tangles. Although the proximal cause of AD is not well understood, it is clear that amyloid-beta (Abeta) plays a critical role in AD pathology. Recent studies also implicate mitochondrial abnormalities in AD. We investigated t...

The accumulation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) aggregates is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, these aggregates have neurotoxic effects on cells, and thus, molecules that inhibit Abeta aggregate formation could be valuable therapeutics for AD. It is well known that aggregation of Abeta depends on its hydrophobicity, and thus, in order to increase the hydrophilicity of Abeta, ...

Abstract The acidic activation domain (AD) of yeast transcription factor Gal4 plays a dual role in repression and through binding to Gal80 repressor Mediator subunit Med15. function arises from two hydrophobic regions within the 40-residue AD. We show by NMR that each AD region binds Med15 using “fuzzy” protein interface. Remarkably, comparison chemical shift perturbations shows Gcn4, intrinsic...

BACKGROUND Adenovirus serotype 14 (Ad-14) recently emerged as a respiratory pathogen in the United States, with studies suggesting higher morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to determine whether Ad-14 is associated with clinical outcomes in otherwise healthy patients with pneumonia. METHODS Medical records of military trainees hospitalized with pneumonia during an outbreak of Ad...

Background: Amyloid beta 1-43 (Aβ43) may be a useful additional biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have investigated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Aβ43 in patients with early-onset AD in contrast to levels in late-onset AD. For comparison, in addition to the 'core' biomarkers, several other analytes were also determined [YKL-40, neurofilament light (NF-L), glial fibrill...

BACKGROUND Cam-type femoroacetabular deformity in acetabular dysplasia (AD) has not been well clarified. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of femoroacetabular deformity in symptomatic AD patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 86 women (92 hips) and eight men (eight hips) with symptomatic AD. The mean patient age was 37.9 ...

Often, a clinical diagnosis of AD comes too late for an individual to benefit from treatment. Clinicians can assign the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to patients with memory complaints, but they cannot state emphatically which of these individuals will progress to AD. Typically, about 10% to 15% of persons diagnosed with MCI convert to AD within a year, while 30% to 40% do not co...