here, we propose an add-drop and a channel drop filter based on two-dimensional photonic crystal all circular ring resonators. these structures are made of a square lattice of silicon rods with the refractive index n1=3.464 surrounded by air (with refractive index n2=1). the broadest photonic band gap occurs at the filling ratio of r/a = 0.17. two linear defect w1 waveguides couple to the ring....

Power system reliability has been thrust into the limelight by recent blackouts around the world. The social and economic costs of these failures can add up to billions of dollars every year. As the digital age prevails, more efficient manufacturing processes, based on computers and power electronics, have come to dominate industry. As the portion of electricity in the total energy consumption ...

Random switching logic (RSL) has been proposed as an efficient countermeasure to mitigate power analyses. The logic style equalizes the output transition probabilities using a random mask-bit. This manuscript, however, will show a successful attack against RSL. The single mask-bit can only add one bit of entropy to the information content of the overall power consumption variations and can very...

To improve spectrum efficiency (SE), the adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) and automatic repeat request (ARQ) scheme have been combined for MIMO systems. In this paper, we add variable power subject to power constraint in each AMC mode. We use KKT optimization algorithm to get the optimal transmit power and AMC mode boundaries. The numerical results show that the average SE is increased by a...

Classical formulae for point additions and point doublings on elliptic curves differ. This can make a side channel attack possible on a single ECC point multiplication by using simple power analysis (SPA) to observe the different times for the component point operations. Under the usual binary exponentiation algorithm, the deduced presence or absence of a point addition indicates a 1 or 0 respe...

In this paper we analyze an extension of Martin-Löf’s intensional set theory by means of a set contructor P such that the elements of P(S) are the subsets of the set S. Since it seems natural to require some kind of extensionality on the equality among subsets, it turns out that such an extension cannot be constructive. In fact we will prove that this extension is classic, that is (A ∨ ¬A) true...