critical analysis of power discourse in zeinab habash’s poems discourse analysis is a modern approach which flourishing and growing in the context of postmodernism. norman fairclough’s three-dimensional framework in critical discourse analysis is one of the most practical aspects of this theory that includes analysis of (spoken or written) language texts, analysis of discourse practice (process...

Meta-discourse markers are an inevitable part of oral proficiency which improve both the quality and comprehension of learners’ speech. While studies of oral meta-discourse have been conducted since the 1980s in a European or US context, they have remained relatively untouched in Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to seek the impact of both explicit and implicit teaching of formal meta-discourse...

Adopting the critical discourse analysis framework, in general, andFairclough’s (1989) critical text analysis, in particular, the current study aims atexamining 3 aspects of meaning, namely social relations, subject positions, andcontents in the conversation as well as vocabulary and grammar parts of Passages 1(an American textbook) and First Certificate (a British textbook) to find out whether...

The common occurrence of adoption among birds and mammals presents evolutionary biologists with an explanatory challenge. The benefits to adoptees are self-evident, but the benefits to the adopter(s), the origin of the set of behaviours that constitute 'adoptive' behaviour, and the conditions for its spread in populations are not always clear. Explanations in terms of direct and indirect benefi...

iran's islamic revolution as an unparalleled event in the final years of the twentieth century, have attracted the attention of many scholars and researchers in the social and political sciences.thus, different theories and approaches were used to study this phenomenon. most of these theories and approaches inclined to study the manner and circmstances or events leading to the triumph of t...

The aim of this study is to investigate Iranian TEFL graduates’ conception of measurement error in research. Adopting a sequential explanatory multi-method strategy (Borg, 2009), the researchers analyzed causal and temporal relations in the research narratives elicited from 30 TEFL graduates. Gee’s (1986) framework for identifying narrative discourse units (lines, stanzas, and episodes) was ado...