PHYSICIANS’ ABILITY TO PROVIDE high-quality care can be adversely affected by many factors, including sleep deprivation. Concerns about the danger of physicians who are sleep deprived and providing care have led state legislatures and academic institutions to try to constrain the work hours of physicians in training (house staff). Unlike commercial aviation, for example, medicine is an industry...

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been previously identified as one potential mechanism that may explain the link between sleep deprivation and negative health outcomes. However, few studies have examined the direct association between sleep deprivation and HPA-axis functioning, particularly in the context of stress. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the...

AIM To study the interaction between sleep deprivation, obesity and cognitive functions, and the effect of following a balanced low caloric diet and increasing sleep duration on those variables. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Ninety two obese females with mean age 47.00 ± 2.00 years and body mass index (BMI) 36.14 ± 3.00 kg/m² were divided into 3 groups according to their sleeping hours. They followed ...

Sleep changes were studied in mice (n = 59) from early adolescence to adulthood (postnatal days P19-111). REM sleep declined steeply in early adolescence, while total sleep remained constant and NREM sleep increased slightly. Four hours of sleep deprivation starting at light onset were performed from ages P26 through adulthood (>P60). Following this acute sleep deprivation all mice slept longer...

Excessive working hours--even at night--are becoming increasingly common in our modern 24/7 society. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is particularly vulnerable to the effects of sleep loss and, consequently, the specific behaviors subserved by the functional integrity of the PFC, such as risk-taking and pro-social behavior, may be affected significantly. This paper seeks to assess the effects of on...

The circadian timing system in mammals is thought to promote wakefulness and oppose sleep drive that accumulates across the activity phase in diurnal and nocturnal species. Whether the circadian system actively opposes compensatory sleep responses in mammals with episodes of alertness consolidated at dawn and dusk is unknown. In the present study, an interaction between circadian timed arousal ...

We examined the effect of sleep deprivation on self-motion perception (vection). We measured the strength of vection, its latency, and its duration in two conditions: Sleep-Deprivation and NormalSleep (by using the between-subject design). For the Sleep-Deprivation condition, participants did not sleep for about 20 hours. We also recorded subjective sleepiness with a subjective rating scale tha...

OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to explore the association between sleep deprivation and obesity among shift workers. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Time of sleep was categorized as: >5 h of continuous sleep/d; ≤5 h of continuous sleep/d with some additional rest (sleep deprivation level I); and ≤5 h of continuous sleep/d without a...

OXIDATIVE STRESS HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN THE MECHANISMS OF BIOLOGIC AGING, AS WELL AS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CANCER, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, DIABETES, AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS.1 Oxidative stress occurs whenever there is an imbalance between oxidant production and antioxidant defenses, either because the former is increased, because the latter are decreased, or both. At the cellular level, such imb...

Recent studies have shown the existence of a relationship between sleep and moral judgment. In this study, we investigated whether one night of sleep deprivation affects the ability to judge the appropriateness of moral dilemmas. Forty-eight students had to judge 30 moral dilemmas at test, after a night of home sleep, and another 30 dilemmas at retest, following one night of continuous wakefuln...