Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) was used to determine the effect of ambient probe incidence angle on the amount and direction of analyte molecules transported from the sample surface for desorption electrospray ionization (DESI). Incidence angle was critical to both the lateral dispersion and vertical take-off angles of analyte molecules desorbed from the surface; as t...

Transparent refractive-index matched micro (TRIMM) particles have proved to be an excellent scattering component for use in translucent sheets. Measurements of hemispheric transmittance and reflectance versus angle of incidence, as well as angle-resolved studies of such translucent sheets, have been carried out to complement earlier published hemispheric reflectance and transmittance spectral m...

Improving the efficiency of compressors has been one of the most important goals of researchers over the years. In this paper, three different methods are presented for parameterization and blade optimization of axial flow compressor. All methods consist of flow analysis tool, optimization algorithms, and parametric geometry generation tool, that are different in each approach. Objective functi...

Reshaping of beach nourishments under high angle of wave incidence i Preface The following report presents the Master of Science Thesis titled " Reshaping Mechanisms of Beach Nourishments under High Angle Wave Conditions " submitted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (MSc) in Civil Engineering, the main supervision of Ir. Bas Huisman to whom I would...

The nature of the scattering pattern for silicon 004 wafer is described. At incidence angles (ω) set close to the expected diffraction condition of ω = θh`k`l` αhkl,h`k`l` (hkl are the planes parallel to the wafer surface and αhkl,h`k`l` is the interfacial angle between hkl and another set of diffracting planes h’k’l’), an anomalous kind of scattering has been observed. There is a broad weak fe...

Recently, significant progress in the x-ray lasers (XRL) development was made by systematically changing the incidence angle of the main pump pulse [1, 2]. This grazing incidence pumping method (GRIP) reduced the pump energy needed to values below 1J and, as a consequence, table-top XRL systems could be demonstrated with repetition rates increased by several orders of magnitude, up to 10Hz. Thi...

due to medical and dietary properties of the plantago major l. seed, it is necessary to know engineering properties in order to design post harvest equipments. engineering properties of plantago major l. seed was determined only at the moisture content of 7.98% dry basis, because of it produces mucilaginous components when it is soaked in water. the average of length, width, surface area, spher...

Formulas by which the partial derivatives of the ellipsometric parameters psi and Delta with respect to the angle of incidence can be calculated are presented. These derivatives are plotted as a function of the angle of incidence, the refractive indices of the film, the substrate, and the immersion medium, and also as a function of film thickness on three-dimensional graphs. These graphs illust...