Sea cucumbers are increasingly exploited for human consumption and for their curative properties, and many wild populations are now depleted or in danger of extinction. While aquaculture is seen as an alternative to fisheries and as a mean to restore wild populations, more knowledge is needed on their reproductive strategies to render this practice efficient, notably for fissiparous holothurian...

Reproductive mode can impact population genetic dynamics and evolutionary landscape of plant pathogens as well as on disease epidemiology and management. In this study, we monitored the spatial dynamics and mating type idiomorphs in ~700 Alternaria alternata isolates sampled from the main potato production areas in China to infer the mating system of potato early blight. Consistent with the exp...

For a comprehensive survey of the structure and dynamics of the Dutch Phytophthora infestans population, 652 P. infestans isolates were collected from commercial potato fields in the Netherlands during the 10-year period 2000-2009. Genotyping was performed using 12 highly informative microsatellite markers and mitochondrial haplotypes. In addition, for each isolate, the mating type was determin...

Germ cells are required for the successful propagation of sexually reproducing species. Understanding the mechanisms by which these cells are specified and how their totipotency is established and maintained has important biomedical and evolutionary implications. Freshwater planarians serve as fascinating models for studying these questions. They can regenerate germ cells from fragments of adul...

Many plant species have two modes of reproduction: sexual and asexual. Both modes of reproduction have often been viewed as adaptations to temporally or spatially variable environments. The plant should adjust partitioning to match changes in the estimated success of the two reproductive modes. Perennial plants showed that favorable habitats in soil nutrients or water content tend to promote cl...

eucalyptus globulus is an important rapid-growing trees in eucalypts that applied for agroforestry and tree improvement programs. it has been used as a source of pulp in paper industry, essential oil and honey production. asexual propagation with conventional methods such as cutting and graft wasnot possible or obtained success was very low, because of hard proliferation of adventitious roots. ...

Objective: Evaluate the effect of three types substrate and different shoot lengths onthe rooting Carica papaya L. shoots.Design/ methodology/ approach: This experiment followed a completely randomizeddesign with 2×3 factorial arrangement. Shoots 30 40 cm length werecollected in March 2018 from lateral branches plants (Carica L.)native to various regions Guerrero. were placed substrates: 1)sand...

Asexual propagation through cuttings is an appropriate method used for most ornamental plants. Success in increasing the percentage of rooting, reducing root emergence and increasing proliferation efficiency depends on several factors like plant growth regulators, especially auxins. Rooting of Forsythia × intermedia is difficult and requires specific hormonal treatments and proper cultivation b...