Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) causes significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Although inactivated and live vaccines are commercially available for the control of PRRS, both types of vaccine have not always proven successful in terms of generating a protective immune response, particularly in the case of inactivated vaccines. In this study, we tested w...

Binary oppositions are among the essential concepts and components of structuralism and linguistic and semiotic theories that are rooted in human ancient beliefs. One of the fundamental functions of the human mind is the creation of binary oppositions, which are seen in art and literature. The study of binary oppositions in literary works leads to a better understanding of them. This article is...

Successful gene therapy necessitates safe and efficient gene transfer. This article describes the use of a cationic polymer, which was synthesized by cross-linking low molecular weight branched poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) with both β-cyclodextrin and propane-1,2,3-triol, for efficient and safe non-viral gene delivery. Experimentation demonstrated that the polymer had a pH buffering capacity and DN...

A technique of layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly was used to prepare transparent multilayered gas barrier films consisting of graphene oxide (GO)/branched poly(ethylenimine) (BPEI) on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate. The effect of the GO suspension pH on the nanostructure and oxygen barrier properties of the GO/BPEI film was investigated. The oxygen barrier properties of the assemblie...

A novel and highly sensitive fiber-optic DNA sensor based on a thin-core fiber modal interferometer (TCFMI) is demonstrated by using a layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technology. Poly(ethylenimine) (PEI), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) were used for the preparation of a polyelectrolyte multilayer film for DNA detection. The film thickness was measured through a surf...

A survey of our recent work on synthetic polynucleotide analogs is given. Propionic acid and 3-methyl butyric acid derivatives substituted in the 2-position with nucleic acid bases have been used as chiral pendants for attachment to hydrophilic polyamine backbones. Hindered rotation about the amide bonds formed promotes a base-stacked structure as shown by ultraviolet hypochromic effects versus...

by proposing a predictive method with no adjustable parameter and by using infinite dilution activity coefficients of components in binary mixtures obtained from unifac model, the binary interaction parameters (k12) in van der waals mixing rule (vdwmr) and orbey-sandler mixing rule (osmr) have been evaluated. the predicted binary interaction parameters are used in peng-robinson-stryjek-vera equ...