AIMS To examine a possible effect of 7-methylxanthine, theobromine, acetazolamide, or L-ornithine on the ultrastructure and biochemical composition of rabbit sclera. METHODS Groups of pigmented rabbits, six in each group, were dosed during 10 weeks with one of the substances under investigation, and one untreated group was the control. Samples of anterior and posterior sclera were taken for d...

Log p =KU V, ogO Where Po Initial pressure P=Pressure after a change in intra-ocular volume A V K=a coefficient of ocular rigidity. Friedenwald stated that the value of K remained constant for individual eyes above a pressure of 5 mm. Hg. In a recent study (Perkins and Gloster, 1957), however, it has been found that for the rabbit eye this fundamental assumption is invalid, for K increased as t...

Changing the luminance of one side of the sclera induces an apparent shift of the perceived direction of gaze toward the darker side of the sclera (Ando, 2002 Perception 31 657-674). However, when both the sclera and the skin surrounding it were darkened simultaneously as if by a cast shadow, the apparent direction of gaze shifted less than when only the sclera was darkened. The results suggest...

Abstract Pigmentation patterns of the visible part eyeball, encompassing iris and portions sclera, have been discussed to be linked social cognition in primates. The cooperative eye hypothesis suggests white sclera humans a derived adaptive trait that enhances eye-mediated communication. Here, we provide comparative analysis ocular pigmentation 15 species hominoids (humans, great apes & gib...

The application of surface diathermy to the sclera, followed by ophthalmoscopic observation of the choroido-retinal reaction, is a time-honoured technique which may be used with shallow detachments; it fails with deep detachments, as no reaction can then be seen with the ophthalmoscope. Stallard (1958) advocated the focusing of a narrow beam of light from an ophthalmoscope on to the retinal hol...

The purpose of this study was to learn whether visual form deprivation, which produces myopia in the deprived eye, alters the scleral extracellular matrix in tree shrew, a mammal closely related to primates. Axial myopia was induced in 10 tree shrews by monocular deprivation imposed with a translucent diffuser. The other eye in each animal was an untreated control. After 21 days of deprivation ...

PURPOSE To evaluate porcine sclera as a model of human sclera for in vitro studies of transscleral drug delivery of both low and high molecular weight compounds. METHODS Human and porcine scleras were characterized for thickness and water content. The tissue surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the histology was studied with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Comparative p...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a very common, inherited autosomal dominant disease. It characterized by deformity and fragility in bone structure, blue sclera, hearing loss, scoliosis, dentinogenesis imperfecta. Molecular studies have shown that the cause of OI mutation genes named COLIA1 COLIA2 both chains collagen. Biochemical tests examine collagen structure or molecular DNA are used for ma...

AIM Colourless solutions of mitomycin C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are widely used during trabeculectomy to inhibit postoperative scarring. The poor visibility of these agents on the eye has several drawbacks including the inability to accurately assess the area of treatment. This study examined the utility of using trypan blue dye to colour antimetabolites used during trabeculectomy and t...