The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of genomic inbreeding on production, reproduction, and udder health in Holstein dairy cows. First and second lactation data were collected from 1,061 Holstein dairy cows, which were born between 2006 and 2008, from 5 commercial herds across the United States. All cows were genotyped for 54,609 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mark...

—Studies on breeding biology in Neotropical birds are crucial for understanding different aspects of their life histories and also for their conservation. We describe the nesting biology of the Red-crested Cardinal (Paroaria coronata) in central Argentina, a common suboscine that inhabits south temperate forests. We monitored 367 nests from October to February 2005–2008. Nest initiation followe...

The foraging characteristics of Hammond’s and Western flycatchers in northwestern California varied with different stages of the breeding cycle during the breeding seasons (early April-mid August) in 1984 and 1985. The species’ behaviors did not always vary in parallel nor were all foraging behaviors distributed equally during the breeding cycle. For example, the direction of aerial foraging mo...

DOI: This paper reviews the progress of systems biology applied to research on sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica (CMM) resources in the following aspects: identification and evaluation of CMM resources, analysis of biosynthesis and their regulation of active ingredients in medicinal plants, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology research of medicinal plants, and molecular b...

Department of Biology (G.K., S.K.R.) and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (J.V.G.), Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202; Department of Natural Sciences and Technology, Hedmark University College, 2318 Hamar, Norway (R.C.W.); Bioforsk-Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, 2849 Kapp, Norway (A.S.); Department of Cellular and Int...

The article reviews aspects of the basic reproductive biology of the camel, such as puberty, breeding season, ovarian dynamics, synchronisation of ovarian activity and artificial insemination, and superovulation and embryo transfer. Pregnancy and parturition are also discussed.

2.4 Influence of Host Biology on Transposable Element Proliferation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.4.1 Effective Population Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.4.2 Breeding System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.4.3 Recomb...