Multiplicative cascades are often used to represent the structure of turbulence. Under the action of a multiplicative cascade, the relevant variables of the system can be understood as the result of a successive transfer of information in cascade from large to small scales. However, to make this cascade transfer explicit (i.e, being able to decompose each variable as the product of larger scale...

Shannon defined an ideal (κ, n)-blockcipher as a secrecy system consisting of 2 independent n-bit random permutations. This work revisits the following question: in the ideal cipher model, can a cascade of several ideal (κ, n)blockciphers realize 2 independent n-bit random permutations, i.e. an ideal (2κ, n)-blockcipher? The motivation goes back to Shannon’s theory on product secrecy systems, a...

We extend previous cascade models of social influence to investigate how the exchange of quality information among users may moderate cascade behavior, and the extent to which it may influence the effectiveness of collective user recommendations on quality control of information. We found that while cascades do sometimes occur, their effects depend critically on the accuracies of individual qua...

Fatty acid butyl esters were synthesized from sunflower oil with 1-butanol using a homogeneous Rhizomucor miehei lipase in a biphasic organic (triglyceride, 1-butanol, hexane)- water (with enzyme) system in a continuous setup consisting of a cascade of a stirred tank reactor and a continuous centrifugal contactor separator (CCCS), the latter being used for integrated reaction and liquid-liquid ...

In this paper, we study the assortment optimization problem faced by many online retailers such as Amazon. We develop a cascade multinomial logit model , based on classic model, to capture consumers' purchasing behavior across multiple stages. Unlike most of existing studies, our allows for repeated exposures product. addition, each consumer has patience budget that is sampled from known distri...

We introduce the concepts of T-generalized state machines and coverings of products of them. Also some of algebraic properties of them are investigated. Finely some products such as direct sum and sum of Tgeneralized state machines are introduced. An interesting distributive property of cascade product over the sum of Tgeneralized state machines concern to covering of T-generalized state machin...

The problem of linear equivalence for a general class of nonlinear systems, is examined throughout this paper. A relevant algorithm is developed, based on a factorization procedure. This factorization is based on the star-product, an operation corresponding to the cascade connection of systems.

A modular, 18-step total synthesis of hyperforin is described. The natural product was quickly accessed using latent symmetry elements, whereby a group-selective, Lewis acid-catalyzed epoxide-opening cascade cyclization was used to furnish the bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane core and set two key quaternary stereocenters.