This study attempts to empirically examine the relationship between the quality of the institutional environment and income inequality. In order to determine the causality and direction of this relationship, a Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR) has been used, and to overcome the limitations pertaining to the data, a panel composed of data from 121 countries has been used and tested; hence, a Pan...

Background and Objectives: Research plays an important role in solving health problems in the community. One main mission of higher education institutions is developing research tailored to the needs of the community by providing equal and fair opportunities for research sectors. The present study aimed to measure inequality in the rea of research in Iranian medical sciences universities. Meth...

Economic justice and equitable distribution of income, along with important issues such as economic growth and development, the reduction of inflation and unemployment, have always been of concern to economists. Fair distribution of income and reduction of income inequality in society, and the identification of factors affecting income inequality to make the right policy are necessary and obvio...

Abstract One of the major problems of developing governments, such as those of OPEC member states, is the government deficit and rising public debt. One of the reasons for this public debt is government policies faced with income inequalities. The opposite side said that the increased income inequality can lead to capital accumulation and thus increase production and tax payments and reduce go...

Objectives: The aging of the population in recent years in Iran has raised concerns among policymakers in various fields. Some economic theories consider the changes in the age structure and population aging as one of the important issues affecting the income inequality of societies. This study aims to assess the effect of population aging on the income inequality in Iran. Methods & Materials:...