In this article, contact allergy to, and the chemical composition of, tea tree oil (TTO) are reviewed. This essential oil is a popular remedy for many skin diseases, and may be used as neat oil or be present in cosmetics, topical pharmaceuticals and household products. Of all essential oils, TTO has caused most (published) allergic reactions since the first cases were reported in 1991. In routi...

The brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis), accidentally introduced on Guam shortly after World War 11, is the target of extensive efforts aimed at reducing populations and preventing their spread to other Pacific islands. Chemical attractants and repellents have been investigated, and this paper presents an overview of current knowledge. In particular, chemical cues that have strong effects in l...

Forests are important ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. To humans, they an resource for food, firewood and timber (Jang et al., 2019). represent rich natural pharmacies containing species with known or potential medicinal nutritional value (Karjalainen 2009). In addition, harbour enormous number of different organisms, from microbes to large mammals (Barlow 2018). This is particu...

Landowners in the Appalachian region are becoming increasingly interested in restoring the native hardwood forest on mined land after reclamation. Trees are usually planted in topsoil substitutes consisting of blasted rock strata from the geologic profile. Reforestation attempts using native hardwoods have often been unsuccessful due to the highly variable nature of the physical, chemical, and ...

Stress within tree roots may influence whole-tree responses to nutrient deficiencies or toxic ion accumulation, but the mechanisms that govern root responses to the belowground chemical environment are poorly quantified. Currently, root production is modeled using rates of forest production and stoichiometry, but this approach alone may be insufficient to forecast variability in forest response...

Proteins were classified into their families using a classification tree method which is based on the coefficient of variations of physico-chemical and geometrical properties of the secondary structures of proteins. The tree method uses as splitting criterion the increase in purity when a node is split into two subnodes and the size of the tree is controlled by a threshold level for the improve...