Offense-defense theory offers an optimistic view of international politics based on the argument that war can be prevented if defense gains an advantage over offense. It also argues that an effective arms control can reduce the risk of arms races and war. The theory has been useful in foreign policy analysis and in international relations scholarship since it is used to explain theoretical and ...

This study examines the influence of the organizational strategy used to structure opening statements and closing arguments on presentation effectiveness in a simulated civil trial. Two organizational structures, a narrative and a legal-expository format, were manipulated to produce a 2 (plaintiff organizational strategy) x 3 (defense organizational strategy) experimental design. Results indica...

The guerrillas are not alone in using violence to control territory. As their presence and power have expanded, so have the illegal selfdefense organizations, also known as paramilitaries, dedicated to eradicating the insurgency. The autodefensas, or self-defense groups, are the third party in Colombia’s three-sided civil conflict.1 Local armed self-defense groups have developed throughout Colo...

Abstract Few studies have analyzed climate change perceptions in the disaster risk management sector. This research aimed to understand how civil defense experts are dealing with topic: what they learn and think about. An online survey was conducted between October December 2021 1,063 participants from agencies Brazil. The findings indicate: (1) most (80.6%) officers completely agreed that will...