the imposed war which changed into the holy defense through shiite discourse, was one of the most important tests of the revolution after the islamic revolution victory. in fact, the imposed war caused the shiite discourse as the dominant discourse in the islamic republic of iran to show its potential capacities once again by the clergy foundation and imam khomeini, in particular. changing into...

To purchase electronic or print reprints, contact The InnoVision Group, 101 Columbia, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656. Phone, (800) 809-2273 or (949) 362-2050 (ext 532); fax, (949) 362-2049; e-mail, [email protected]. What Is Spirituality? Scholars are seeking to clarify spirituality as a concept for use in the health sciences. Authors generally agree that the concept of spirituality is broader than the ...

Religion is one of the protective factors that facilities positive outcomes by preventing individuals from engaging in addictive substance. A recent study has confirmed that religion inhibits drug addiction. The concept of psychospiritual therapy was to introduce drug addiction. Therefore, of the various methods of psychotherapy, the usage of Taqwa (piety) emerged as an applicable method of Isl...

the article, at first, deals with eliade’s phenomenology that is in contrast with reductionist methods. then, it explains the key concept in eliade work, namly, sacred. in relation to this, author concentrates on concepts of time and place in archaic religion. he says that archaic people with their belief in sacred place imitate works of gods and regulate the world. then, it deals with ontology...

Few seem to have difficulty in distinguishing between religious and secular institutions, yet there is widespread disagreement regarding what “religion” actually means. Indeed, some go so far as to question whether there is anything at all distinctive about religions. Hence, formulating a definition of “religion” that can command wide assent has proven to be an extremely difficult task. In this...