AIM To explore the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) by identifying candidate autoantibodies in serum samples by proteomics and bioinformatics. METHODS Nine antimitochondrial antibody (AMA)-positive PBC patients and nine age- and sex-matched AMA-negative PBC patients were recruited. Antigen enrichment technology was applied to capture autoantigens of human intrahepatic biliary...

David Baulcombe was born in the Midlands of the UK into a non-scientifi c family. He studied botany as an undergraduate at Leeds University (BSc 1973) and started his own research group at the Plant Breeding Institute in Cambridge after his PhD in Edinburgh (1977) and spells as a postdoc in Montreal and Athens Georgia. He has been in the Sainsbury Laboratory in Norwich since 1988 where he is a ...

i) ‘English is neutral’ since no cultural requirements are tied to the learning of English, [...] English belongs to everyone or no one, or at least is quite often regarded as having this property. Ronald Wardhaugh (1987) ii) ‘English is imperialist’ What is at stake when English spreads is not merely the substitution or displacement of one language by another [...] from an awareness of this as...

Introduction: The purpose of my project was to understand and evaluate currently available formal verification tools from Microsoft for the purpose of verifying window drivers. I eventually applied combinations of the Microsoft Verification tools to four separate drivers. The first was an extremely simple “Hello World” driver, based on an introduction to Windows Drivers found online. The second...

Digital Reverberation is everywhere. In only eleven years it has gone from one of the first really cost-effective uses of digital technology to being indispensable to modern recording. This paper presents some of the origins of digital reverberation in the extensive earlier work at the British Broadcasting Corporation, Bell Laboratories, and elsewhere. It will discuss the advantages and disadva...

CP violation in the B system [1] has been established by the recent measurements of sin 2β, with a world average of sin 2β = 0.78 ± 0.08 [2]. The main B decay used to probe the weak phase β is the so-called “gold-plated” mode B d(t) → J/ψKS. In order to extract weak-phase information cleanly, i.e. with no hadronic uncertainties, a given B decay must be dominated by a single weak decay amplitude...

Species (Cites) in 1989, to halt the steep decline in elephant numbers. “Wild elephant populations were decimated by the ivory trade. By the time the 1989 Cites ban came into force, Africa’s elephants had been reduced by more than 50 per cent,” says Mark Jones, programmes director at Care for the Wild, an international wildlife charity which commissioned the mammoth ivory report. “Poaching cont...

BACKGROUND Drosophila melanogaster ovary serves as an attractive model system for the investigation of the cell cycle, death, signaling, migration, differentiation, development and stemness. By employing the 3750/+ heterozygote fly strain that carries specific functions in the follicle cell compartment, and a reliable control in GAL4/UAS-based transgenic technology, we herein characterized the ...

conclusions the growth rate of information in bioinformatics databases could facilitate studies of live organisms prior to observation studies. two different protein classes could be causative agents of one disease. however, two related diseases from one disease group could consist of different protein classes. future research in the field of proteomics could allow modern insight to reshuffling...

4 5 Christopher C. Oakes, Rainer Claus, Lei Gu, Yassen Assenov, Jennifer Hüllein, 6 Manuela Zucknick, Matthias Bieg, David Brocks, Olga Bogatyrova, Christopher R. 7 Schmidt, Laura Rassenti, Thomas J. Kipps, Daniel Mertens, Peter Lichter, 8 Hartmut Döhner, Stephan Stilgenbauer, John C. Byrd, Thorsten Zenz and 9 Christoph Plass 10 11 12 Affiliations: Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factor...