BACKGROUND Although indoor residual spraying (IRS) is an effective tool for malaria control, its use contributes to high insecticide exposure in sprayed communities and raises concerns about possible unintended health effects. OBJECTIVE The Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE) is a birth cohort study initiated in 2012 to characterize prenatal exposure to ...

This study used an MCF-7 cell based ER-alpha reporter gene assay to assess chemical interactions within the following ternary mixtures: (1) three synthetic pesticides, methoxychlor (MXC), o,p-DDT, and dieldrin; (2) three polyaromatic hydrocarbons, benzo[a]pyrene (BAP), 1,2-benzanthracene (BENZ), and chrysene (CHRY); and (3) an endogenous estrogen, [17beta-estradiol, (E(2))]; a phytoestrogen, ge...

Studies conduc ted by o thers have revealed that 1 ,1 -d ich lo ro2 ,2 -b i s (p -ch lo ropheny l )e thy lene (DDE), a proximal metabol i te of d ich lo rod ipheny l t r i ch lo roe thane (DDT), is a st rong hepatocel lu lar ca rc inogen in mice. Since hamsters appear to be resistant to tumor induct ion by DDT, we wanted to invest igate whe the r DDE has any neoplast ic ef fect in this species....

Fifty samples representing eight species of freshwater Fish (Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias lazera, Labeo niloticus, Bagrus bajad, Synodontis schall, Morymyrus niloticus, Lates niloticus and Malapterurus electricus) were collected randomly from different sources at Assiut during March to August 2001. The samples were analyzed for residues of persistent organochlorines (p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-...

A large-scale survey on the area and depth stratified distribution of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT; mainly p,p'- and o,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE)) contamination in the water column of the Southern California Bight (SCB) was conducted in 2003-2004 using a solid-phase microextraction-based sampling technique. Dissolved-phase DDEs were clearly widespread, with the central SC...

DDT has systematically been used in sanitation campaigns against malaria in Mexico. To assess chronic occupational exposure, we studied a group of workers dedicated to spraying houses to control malaria vectors in the state of Veracruz. Exposure was directly estimated for a subgroup of 40 workers by measuring DDT metabolites in adipose tissue samples and indirectly estimated for 331 workers by ...

Studies conduc ted by o thers have revealed that 1 ,1 -d ich lo ro2 ,2 -b i s (p -ch lo ropheny l )e thy lene (DDE), a proximal metabol i te of d ich lo rod ipheny l t r i ch lo roe thane (DDT), is a st rong hepatocel lu lar ca rc inogen in mice. Since hamsters appear to be resistant to tumor induct ion by DDT, we wanted to invest igate whe the r DDE has any neoplast ic ef fect in this species....

We detected concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCs) in the liver, muscle, and fat of 11 loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta from the central and southern Adriatic Sea. All samples contained PCBs at various concentrations, with Congener 138 (28%), 153 (27%), and 180 (32%) dominating the congener composition of the tissues. The dioxin-like congene...

Xenoestrogens, such as o,p'-DDT and octyl phenol (OP), have been associated with reproductive abnormalities in various wildlife species. Xenoestrogens mimic the natural estrogen 17 beta-estradiol and compete for binding to the estrogen receptor. Even though the affinity of o,p'-DDT and OP for the estrogen receptor is approximately 1000-fold lower than 17 beta-estradiol, the actions of xenoestro...