Of the 600 species of sea urchins, approximately 80 may be venomous to humans. The long spined or black sea urchin, Diadema setosum may cause damage by the breaking off of its brittle spines after they penetrate the skin. Synovitis followed by arthritis may be an unusual but apparently not a rare sequel to such injury, when implantation occurs near a joint. In this case report, osseous changes ...

Transcriptome sequencing is a useful method for studying gene-sequences data, especially in non-model organisms whose genomic sequences are yet to be determined. Indeed, even without any genome reference, transcripts can be assembled de novo to produce a genome-scale transcription map. Here we describe a de novo transcriptome assembly for the polychaete worm Ophryotrocha diadema, generated from...

The urinary constituents of this animal are excreted in the form of dry masses or concretions. They are generally white in color, but they sometimes contain greenish yellow patches. Unlike those of Zamenis diadema (1) they are not brittle, but rather hard. When examined microscopically they were found to consist principally of club-shaped crystals together with rosettes and globular crystals sh...

The elongated encased spermatophores of the capsalid (entobdelline) monogeneans Neoentobdella diadema (Monticelli, 1902) Kearn et Whittington, 2005 and N. apiocolpos (Euzet et Maillard, 1967) Kearn et Whittington, 2005 have been found attached by their proximal ends to the region of the vaginal opening, with the bulk of the spermatophore projecting from the vagina and therefore lying outside th...

A new name, Piptochaetium fuscum, is provided for a taxon hitherto known as Piptochaetium setosum (Trin.) Arechav. Morphological, anatomical, and molecular studies that argue against including Piptochaetium in Stipa, and hence use of S. purpurata (Phil.) Columbus & J.P. Sm., are cited.

khabr national park and ruchun wildlife refuge are situated in the southeast of iran, kerman province. although snakes are an important group in the studied area, little is known regarding their diversity. the present study was carried out from march 2009 to late summer 2010. in this study, 74 specimens were collected (or observed) and identified, belonging to four families, 14 genera, and 17 s...