Sleep has preoccupied and fascinated many civilizations since the dawn of mankind. Here, we critically review the various elements pertaining to sleep in the context of early Islamic religion and culture. The many principles of sleep hygiene, wellbeing and health associated with adequate sleep, and the understanding of sleep as a dynamic state are all apparent from such explorative process of I...

some of the iranian artworks during the 10th-14th centuries have been illustrated by narrative scenes showing a cavalier archer king in the hunting ground of gazelles; while a tiny lyre playing girl sat back him. according to shāhnāma-i-fērdowsī and haft peykar-i- nizami ganjavi, such scenes narrate the story of sassanid king bahram-i- gūr and āzāda, his lyre player servant girl. it should be n...

Wasim Maziak Syria Of all its accomplishments, the West is perhaps most proud of its scientific revolution, which has been unfolding for the past halfmillennium. Only students of history remain consistently mindful of the pivotal and catalytic role that the Arab world played in the early phases of this revolution. Now, all of us should have a vested interest in advancing science and technology ...

sign of the diffusion of Chinese technology; to the textual and ethnographic sources noted by the authors, a large once-molten slag flow recently excavated by Coughenour in an Ayyubid-Mamluk ironworking area near Ajlun, Jordan can now be added as further evidence of the introduction of blast-furnace technology in medieval Islamic times. In a work of this scope, some minor lapses are inevitable....

This article aims to shed light on the construction of architectural monuments in Kosovo as early XVI-XVIII centuries, especially Islamic architecture. style construction, influenced by eastern part continent, had its own features, which set it apart from other constructions built before Islam. Those features reached Albanian areas after Ottoman Empire conquered them. type architecture expresse...

The rule of law entails government accountability, equal access to justice and the political process, efficient judicial and political systems, clear laws, generally stable laws, and the protection of fundamental human rights. This paper explores whether Islamic law conforms to these principles in theory and in practice. Three conclusions are reached. First, various early Islamic institutions w...

with at least 11 hectares site locating on fashafooyeh from rey town, the archaic area of nachir khanloq is one of the important regions from islamic period that has been less noticed yet. unfortunately, some parts of this region have been leveled by farming equipments. in addition to its large area, great and massive distribution of cultural artifacts throughout this area, particularly several...