researchers in their reviewing of international market literature which practical experiences in iran indicate it demonstrate that to choose a foreign market there are two approaches: expansion and systematic approach. firms that use expansion approach, through the culturally and geographically similar markets starts working in international markets. however, in systematic approach, firms use a...

rapid technological and economic growth over the last several decades has changed human lives and made modern society face complex decision making problems. these kinds of problems are characterized by incommensurate and conflicting criteria or objectives such as cost, reliability, performance, safety and productivity. multi criteria decision making is an approach that can be used to deal compl...

BACKGROUND For CAM to feature prominently in health care decision-making there is a need to expand the evidence-base and to further incorporate economic evaluation into research priorities.In a world of scarce health care resources and an emphasis on efficiency and clinical efficacy, CAM, as indeed do all other treatments, requires rigorous evaluation to be considered in budget decision-making....

This research has concentrated on the physical and socio-economic impacts of vegetation-based management scenarios targeting on flooding and soil erosion issues in the Ramian watersheds. The Ramian watershed with an approximate area of 24000 ha is located in Golestan, Iran. For each sub-watershed, four biological actions (activities) and 16 management scenarios have been considered. Physical im...

Background The inclusion of cost-effectiveness data, as a basis for priority setting rankings, is a distinguishing feature in the formulation of the Swedish national guidelines. Guidelines are generated with the direct intent to influence health policy and support decisions about the efficient allocation of scarce healthcare resources. Certain medical conditions may be given higher priority ran...

make or buy decision is one of the main areas of decision making for managers. transaction cost economics (tce), as an influential economic approach to the theory of the firm, tries to put forward a theoretical framework for this important decision. from tce perspective, the greater the asset specificity, the more the behavioral uncertainty and the more the transaction frequency, the more will ...

OBJECTIVES Older adults' decision quality is considered to be worse than that of younger adults. This age-related difference is often attributed to reductions in risk tolerance. Little is known about the circumstances that affect older adults' decisions and whether risk attitudes directly influence economic decisions. We measure the influence of risk attitudes on age-related differences in deci...

investment and transfer of technology has no boarders. globalization is a process which affected all economic, social and legal aspects.a destiny which needs adequate decision. in this regard, economic globalization was more important than the other subjects. studying this process and its mechanism is the firs step to making vital decisions. free commercial transaction and international transfe...

suitability analysis is a prerequisite for sustainable agricultural production and it involves evaluation of the environmental parameters. the development and creation of appropriate points for this land use without considering environmental capability will result in the appearance of several ecological, economic, and social problems. the multi-criteria decision making (mcdm) models were used f...