The selection of suitable reference genes is crucial for accurate quantification of gene expression and can add to our understanding of host-pathogen interactions. To identify suitable reference genes in Pandora neoaphidis, an obligate aphid pathogenic fungus, the expression of three traditional candidate genes including 18S rRNA(18S), 28S rRNA(28S) and elongation factor 1 alpha-like protein (E...

A large collection of Botryosphaeriaceae isolates obtained from fruit and forest trees with fruit rot, canker and dieback disease symptoms in northern provinces of the country were examined in this study. Based on morphology and sequence data (ITS and EF1-α), two species, Diplodia mutila and Spencermartinsia viticola are illustrated and described as new records for Iran mycobiota. Furthermore, ...

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is a widely cultivated cereal with high nutritional value and it grown mainly in temperate regions. The number of studies dealing gene expression changes oat continues to increase, obtain reliable RT-qPCR results essential establish use reference genes the least possible influence caused by experimental conditions. However, no detailed study has been conducted on different...

We examined Executive Function Index (EFI) performance in individuals at risk (n=22) for an eating disorder, based on the SCANS criteria. In comparison to those not at risk (n=104; also based on the SCANS criteria), those at risk on SCANS were more likely to be depressed, anxious, and showed deficits in many components of EFI performance, including EFI impulse control and EFI total score. These...

The challenge for Automobile is present emission norms that demands engine for green environment with high performance and low emission. The Low Heat Rejection Engine (LHR Engine) is a technology, which minimizes heat loss to the coolant by providing heat resistance in the heat flow to the coolant. As LHR Engine is used, the heat is not transferred to the surroundings. Another method to improve...

We study the problem of allocating indivisible goods among strategic agents. focus on settings wherein monetary transfers are not available and each agent's private valuation is a submodular function with binary marginals, i.e., agents' valuations matroid-rank functions. In this setup, we establish notable dichotomy between two most well-studied fairness notions in discrete fair division; speci...

Within years of its introduction, the North American barnacle Balanus glandula Darwin, 1854 became an abundant member of rocky intertidal communities in Japan and Argentina. To determine the regional sources of these invasions, we compared mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and nuclear elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1) genotypes of native and introduced populations. Previously des...