In mormyrid electric fish, sensory signals from electroreceptors are relayed to secondary sensory neurons in a cerebellum-like structure known as the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL). Efferent neurons and interneurons of the ELL also receive inputs of central origin, including electric organ corollary discharge signals, via parallel fibers and via fibers from the juxtalobar nucleus. To un...

This paper describes an XML annotation scheme for English Language Learner (ELL) spelling errors in learner corpora which can be used to create standardized, annotated ELL error corpora for use by researchers who are developing spelling correction tools for ELLs. We also provide an error taxonomy (with examples of each error type) upon which the scheme was based.

‎we present a characterization of arens regular semigroup algebras‎ ‎$ell^1(s)$‎, ‎for a large class of semigroups‎. ‎mainly‎, ‎we show that‎ ‎if the set of idempotents of an inverse semigroup $s$ is finite‎, ‎then $ell^1(s)$ is arens regular if and only if $s$ is finite‎.

In the present paper, we consider biflatness of certain classes of semigroupalgebras. Indeed, we give a necessary condition for a band semigroup algebra to bebiflat and show that this condition is not sufficient. Also, for a certain class of inversesemigroups S, we show that the biflatness of ell^{1}(S)^{primeprime} is equivalent to the biprojectivity of ell^{1}(S).

in the present paper, we consider biflatness of certain classes of semigroupalgebras. indeed, we give a necessary condition for a band semigroup algebra to bebiflat and show that this condition is not sufficient. also, for a certain class of inversesemigroups s, we show that the biflatness of ell^{1}(s)^{primeprime} is equivalent to the biprojectivity of ell^{1}(s).

let $r$ be a right artinian ring or a perfect commutative‎‎ring‎. ‎let $m$ be a noncosingular self-generator $sum$-lifting‎‎module‎. ‎then $m$ has a direct decomposition $m=oplus_{iin i} m_i$‎,‎where each $m_i$ is noetherian quasi-projective and each‎‎endomorphism ring $end(m_i)$ is local‎.

We give an algorithm to compute $$(\ell ,\ell )$$ -isogenies from the Jacobians of genus three hyperelliptic curves non-hyperelliptic over a finite field characteristic different 2 in time $$\tilde{O}(\ell ^3)$$ , where $$\ell $$ is odd prime which coprime characteristic. An important application reduce discrete logarithm problem Jacobian curve corresponding curve.

The Study of School Turnaround examines the improvement process in a purposive sample of 35 case study schools receiving federal funds through the School Improvement Grants (SIG) program over a three-year period (2010-11 to 2012-13 school years). This evaluation brief focuses on 11 of these SIG schools with high proportions of English Language Learner (ELL) students (a median of 45 percent ELLs...